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Pharmacology Exam 2 > Diuretics > Flashcards

Diuretics Flashcards

1
Q

Furosemide (lasix)

A
  • Loop diuretic
  • Thick ascending limb (loop of Henle)
  • Inhibit Na, K, 2Cl symporter (water follows Na)
  • Pushes Na, K, Cl, Mg, Ca downstream
  • ADR’s: Hypo-K, Hypo-Ca, Hypo-Mg, Hyper-uricemia, Hypovolemia, Hypotension, Ototoxic (IV)
  • Very effective diuretic class
  • Variable PO absorption rates
  • Preferred in renal disease
  • Commonly used in CHF/edema
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2
Q

Torsemide (demadex)

A
  • Loop diuretic
  • Thick ascending limb (loop of Henle)
  • Inhibit Na, K, 2Cl symporter (water follows Na)
  • Pushes Na, K, Cl, Mg, Ca downstream
  • ADR’s: Hypo-K, Hypo-Ca, Hypo-Mg, Hyper-uricemia, Hypovolemia, Hypotension, Ototoxic (IV)
  • Very effective diuretic class
  • Variable PO absorption rates
  • Preferred in renal disease
  • Commonly used in CHF/edema
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3
Q

Bumetanide (bumex-no)

A
  • Loop diuretic
  • Thick ascending limb (loop of Henle)
  • Inhibit Na, K, 2Cl symporter (water follows Na)
  • Pushes Na, K, Cl, Mg, Ca downstream
  • ADR’s: Hypo-K, Hypo-Ca, Hypo-Mg, Hyper-uricemia, Hypovolemia, Hypotension, Ototoxic (IV)
  • Very effective diuretic class
  • Variable PO absorption rates
  • Preferred in renal disease
  • Commonly used in CHF/edema
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4
Q

Ethacrynic acid (edocrin)

A
  • Loop diuretic
  • Thick ascending limb (loop of Henle)
  • Inhibit Na, K, 2Cl symporter (water follows Na)
  • Pushes Na, K, Cl, Mg, Ca downstream
  • ADR’s: Hypo-K, Hypo-Ca, Hypo-Mg, Hyper-uricemia, Hypovolemia, Hypotension, Ototoxic (IV)
  • Very effective diuretic class
  • Variable PO absorption rates
  • Preferred in renal disease
  • Commonly used in CHF/edema
  • No sulfa (safe for sulfa allergy)
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5
Q

Hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ)

A
  • Thiazide diuretic
  • Distal convoluted tubule
  • Inhibit NaCl symporter (water follows Na)
  • Secondary enhancement of Na/Ca exchange
  • Ineffective in CrCl<30ml/min
  • Initial therapy for HTN, adjunct in CHF/edema
  • Treats kidney stones?
  • ADR’s: Hypo-K, Hyper-Ca, Hypo-Mg, Hyper-uricemia, hypovolemia, hypotension
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6
Q

Chlorthalidone (thalitone)

A
  • Thiazide diuretic
  • Distal convoluted tubule
  • Inhibit NaCl symporter (water follows Na)
  • Secondary enhancement of Na/Ca exchange
  • Ineffective in CrCl<30ml/min
  • Initial therapy for HTN, adjunct in CHF/edema
  • Treats kidney stones?
  • ADR’s: Hypo-K, Hyper-Ca, Hypo-Mg, Hyper-uricemia, hypovolemia, hypotension
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7
Q

Metolazone

A
  • Thiazide diuretic
  • Distal convoluted tubule
  • Inhibit NaCl symporter (water follows Na)
  • Secondary enhancement of Na/Ca exchange
  • Effective in CrCl<30ml/min
  • Initial therapy for HTN, adjunct in CHF/edema
  • Treats kidney stones?
  • ADR’s: Hypo-K, Hyper-Ca, Hypo-Mg, Hyper-uricemia, hypovolemia, hypotension
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8
Q

Indapamide

A
  • Thiazide diuretic
  • Distal convoluted tubule
  • Inhibit NaCl symporter (water follows Na)
  • Secondary enhancement of Na/Ca exchange
  • Ineffective in CrCl<30ml/min
  • Initial therapy for HTN, adjunct in CHF/edema
  • Treats kidney stones?
  • ADR’s: Hypo-K, Hyper-Ca, Hypo-Mg, Hyper-uricemia, hypovolemia, hypotension
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9
Q

Chlorothiazide (diuril)

A
  • Thiazide diuretic
  • Distal convoluted tubule
  • Inhibit NaCl symporter (water follows Na)
  • Secondary enhancement of Na/Ca exchange
  • Ineffective in CrCl<30ml/min
  • Initial therapy for HTN, adjunct in CHF/edema
  • Treats kidney stones?
  • ADR’s: Hypo-K, Hyper-Ca, Hypo-Mg, Hyper-uricemia, hypovolemia, hypotension
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10
Q

Spironolactone (adlactone)

A
  • K-sparing diuretic
  • Aldosterone antagonist (from binding to the receptor)
  • Collecting duct
  • Water follows Na
  • Lowest potential for hyperuricemia
  • Renal dosing (K monitoring)
  • Use in CHF/HTN/MI and endocrine
  • ADR’s: Hyper-K, endocrine (S»E)–gynecomastia impotence, Hyper-uricemia, arrhythmias
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11
Q

Eplerenone (Inspra)

A
  • K-sparing diuretic
  • Aldosterone antagonist (from binding to the receptor)
  • Collecting duct
  • Water follows Na
  • Lowest potential for hyperuricemia
  • Renal dosing (K monitoring)
  • Use in CHF/HTN/MI
  • ADR’s: Hyper-K, endocrine (S»E)–gynecomastia impotence, Hyper-uricemia, arrhythmias
  • Drug interactions
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12
Q

Amiloride

A
  • K-sparing diuretic
  • Na-Channel blockers
  • Collecting duct
  • Water follows Na
  • More favorable renal dosing profile than aldo. ant.
  • Use in HTN, CHF/edema
  • ADR’s: Hyper-K, Hyper-uricemia, arrhythmias
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13
Q

Triamterene

A
  • K-sparing diuretic
  • Na-Channel blockers
  • Collecting duct
  • Water follows Na
  • More favorable renal dosing profile than aldo. ant.
  • Use in HTN, CHF/edema
  • ADR’s: Hyper-K, Hyper-uricemia, arrhythmias
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Pharmacology Exam 2 (6 decks)

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