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DT III Exam 1 > Diuretics > Flashcards

Diuretics Flashcards

1
Q

CA inhibitor (1)

A

Acetazolamide

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2
Q

CA inhibitor: MoA

A

Inhibit Na-H and Na-K exchange

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3
Q

CA inhibitor: use

A

Open angle glaucoma
Alkalinization of urine
Mountain sickness

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4
Q

CA inhibitor: ADR

A

Metabolic acidosis

Hypokalemia, Drowsiness, Hypersensitivity

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5
Q

Thiazides (1+3)

A

Hydrochlorothiazide

Chlorthialidone
Indapamide
Metolazone

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6
Q

Hydrochlorothiazide

A

Thiazide

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7
Q

Acetazolamide

A

CA inhibitor

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8
Q

Indapamide

A

Thiazide-related

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9
Q

Metolazone

A

Thiazide-related

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10
Q

Thiazide: MoR

A 
At Distal tubule
Inhibit luminal Na/Cl cotransporter
Unique: 
Decrease Ca excretion
Decrease uric acid excretion
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11
Q

Thiazide: use

A

Hypertension, CHF, Edema,
Hypercalcemic renal stone
Nephrotic syndrome
Not useful if

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12
Q

Thiazide:ADR

A 
Hypokalemia with Digoxin
Hyperuricemia
Hyperglycemia
Hyperlipidemia
Hypoercalcemia
Hypersensitivity to Sulfonamide
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13
Q

Hypersensitivity to Sulfonamide

A

Thiazides and Loop diuretics

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14
Q

Loop diuretics (4)

A

Furosemide
Bumetanide
Torsemide
Ethacrynic acid

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15
Q

Furosemide

A

Loop diuretic

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16
Q

Bumetanide

A

Loop diuretic

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17
Q

Torsemide

A

Loop diuretic

18
Q

Ethacrynic acid

A

Loop diuretic

19
Q

Loop diuretic: MoA

A

At Ascending limb of loop of Henle
Decrease Na-K-2Cl cotransport
Unique:
Increase Ca excretion (opposite of Thiazide)

20
Q

Loop diuretic: use

A

Acute pulmonary edema
Hypertension with low GFR
Hypercalcemia

21
Q

Loop diuretic: ADR

A 
Hypovolemia
Ototoxicity
Hypokalemia
Hyperuricemia
Hypersensitivity (except Ethacrynic acid)
Hyperlipidemia
22
Q

Aldosterone receptor antagonist (2)

A

Spirolactone

Epleronone

23
Q

Spirolactone

A

Aldosterone receptor antagonist

24
Q

Eplerenone

A

Aldosterone receptor antagonist

25
Q

Aldosterone receptor antagonist:MoA

A 
Distal tubule and Collecting duct
Decrease Na-K exchange
Unique:
Decrease K excretion
Decrease H excretion
26
Q

Spironolactone: use

A

Primary hyperaldosteronism
Prevent hypokalemia
Edema from Hepatic cirrhosis ***
CHF

27
Q

Eplerenone: use

A

Hypertension

CHF post MI

28
Q

Aldosterone receptor antagonist: ADR

A

Hyperkalemia
Gynecomastia/ Menstrual irregularity
(more with Spironolactone)

29
Q

Na channel blockers (2)

A

Triamterene

Amilorides

30
Q

Triamterene

A

Na channel blocker

31
Q

Amilodide

A

Na channel blocker

32
Q

Na channel blockers: MoA

A

Distal tubule and Collecting duct
Decrease Na channel
Decrease Na-K exchange

33
Q

Na channel blocker: use

A

Secondary hyperaldosteronins

Prevent hypokalemia of other diuretics

34
Q

Na channel blocker: ADR

A

Hyperkalemia

35
Q

Osmotic diuretics (4)

A

Mannitol, Glycerol, Isosorbite, Urea

36
Q

Mannitol

A

Osmotic diuretics

37
Q

Glycerol

A

Osmotic diuretic

38
Q

Isosorbite

A

Osmotic diuretic

39
Q

Urea

A

Osmotic diuretic

40
Q

Osmotic diuretics: MoA

A 
Freely filtered, not reabsorbed
Little metabolism
Decrease passive H2O reabsorption
Increae urinary flow
Increase Na excretion
Decrease urine osmolarity
41
Q

Osmotic diuretics: use

A

Maintain urine flow
Acute renal failure
Reduce intracranial pressure
Glaucoma

42
Q

Osmotic diuretics: ADR

A

Extracellular fluid volume

Alter blood Na and K levels

DT III Exam 1 (5 decks)

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