Diuretics Flashcards
What dose diuretics do?
Increase the amount of the urine,increase the volume of the urine,increase sodium excretion
Thiazide belong to?
Sulfonamide
Mechanism of action of thiazide:
Decrease Na exeretion
Block chloride pump
Block sodium pump
B
Indication of thiazide:
Treatment of edema
Treatment of liver and renal disease
Treatment of hypertension
All of the above
D
Side effect of thiazide:
Fluid and electrolyte imbalance,(hypokalemia/hyperkalemia), (decrease/ increase) calcium exeretion,Uric acid exeretion (increase/ decrease) lead gout
Hypo,decrease,decrease and blood glucose level increase, hypotension
Example of thiazide:
Hydrochlorothiazide
What is the mechanism of action of loop diuretics?
Block chloride pump in ascending loop of henle( where 30% of filtered sodium is reabsorbed) these action decrease the reabsorption of sodium and chloride
Indication of loop diuretics:
Treatment of pulmonary edema
Acute heart failure
treatment of hypertension
Edema associated with HF or with renal or liver disease
All of above
E
All of the following is the side effect of loop diuretics except:
Hyperkalemia
Hypokalemia
Alkalosis
Hypocalcemis and tetany
Hypotension
Hyperglycemia
A
Example of loop diuretics:
Furosemide
What is the mechanism of action of carbonic anhydride inhibitor?
Block the effect of carbonic anhydrase slow down the movement of hydrogen ion,more sodium and bicarbonate are lost
Indication of CAI?
Inducing Uris is in HF
Treatment of glaucoma
Treatment of moutains sickness
Treatment of epilepsy
All of the following is the Side effect of CAI except:
Metabolic acidosis
Alkalosis
Hypokalemia
Parenthesias of extremities ,confusion
B
Example of CAI:
Acetazolamide
Mannitol
Urea
Furosemide
A
What is the therapeutics action of potassium sparing diuretics?
Loss of sodium,promoting the retention of potassium,Spironolactone act as aldosterone antagonist.
Amiloride and triameterene block potassium seceretion
What is the indication of potassium sparing diuretics?
Adjunct of edema of HF ,liver and renal disease
Treatment of hypokalemia
Adjunct for hypertension
Treatment of hyperaldosteronism
What is the side effect of PSD?
Hyperkalemia,these drug associated with androgens,hirsutism,gynecomastia,deeping of the voice,irregular menses
Example of PSD?
Spironolactone
What is the drugs that pull the water into renal tubule without sodium loss?
PSD
CAI
Osmotic diuretics
Non of the above
C
Indication of osmotic diuretics?
Reduction intracranial pressure
Prevention of renal failure
Reduction of intraocular pressure
Renal clearance of toxic substances
What is the side effect of osmotic diuretics
Sudden drop in fluid levels,nausea,vomiting,hypotension,light headends,cardiac decompensation ,shock
Give example of osmotic diuretics:
Mannitol,urea
