Diuretics

Question 1

What dose diuretics do?

Answer 1

Increase the amount of the urine,increase the volume of the urine,increase sodium excretion

Question 2

Thiazide belong to?

Answer 2

Sulfonamide

Question 3

Mechanism of action of thiazide:
Decrease Na exeretion
Block chloride pump
Block sodium pump

Answer 3

B

Question 4

Indication of thiazide:
Treatment of edema
Treatment of liver and renal disease
Treatment of hypertension
All of the above

Answer 4

D

Question 5

Side effect of thiazide:
Fluid and electrolyte imbalance,(hypokalemia/hyperkalemia), (decrease/ increase) calcium exeretion,Uric acid exeretion (increase/ decrease) lead gout

Answer 5

Hypo,decrease,decrease and blood glucose level increase, hypotension

Question 6

Example of thiazide:

Answer 6

Hydrochlorothiazide

Question 7

What is the mechanism of action of loop diuretics?

Answer 7

Block chloride pump in ascending loop of henle( where 30% of filtered sodium is reabsorbed) these action decrease the reabsorption of sodium and chloride

Question 8

Indication of loop diuretics:
Treatment of pulmonary edema
Acute heart failure
treatment of hypertension
Edema associated with HF or with renal or liver disease
All of above

Answer 8

E

Question 9

All of the following is the side effect of loop diuretics except:
Hyperkalemia
Hypokalemia
Alkalosis
Hypocalcemis and tetany
Hypotension
Hyperglycemia

Answer 9

A

Question 10

Example of loop diuretics:

Answer 10

Furosemide

Question 11

What is the mechanism of action of carbonic anhydride inhibitor?

Answer 11

Block the effect of carbonic anhydrase slow down the movement of hydrogen ion,more sodium and bicarbonate are lost

Question 12

Indication of CAI?

Answer 12

Inducing Uris is in HF
Treatment of glaucoma
Treatment of moutains sickness
Treatment of epilepsy

Question 13

All of the following is the Side effect of CAI except:
Metabolic acidosis
Alkalosis
Hypokalemia
Parenthesias of extremities ,confusion

Answer 13

B

Question 14

Example of CAI:
Acetazolamide
Mannitol
Urea
Furosemide

Answer 14

A

Question 15

What is the therapeutics action of potassium sparing diuretics?

Answer 15

Loss of sodium,promoting the retention of potassium,Spironolactone act as aldosterone antagonist.
Amiloride and triameterene block potassium seceretion

Question 16

What is the indication of potassium sparing diuretics?

Answer 16

Adjunct of edema of HF ,liver and renal disease
Treatment of hypokalemia
Adjunct for hypertension
Treatment of hyperaldosteronism

Question 17

What is the side effect of PSD?

Answer 17

Hyperkalemia,these drug associated with androgens,hirsutism,gynecomastia,deeping of the voice,irregular menses

Question 18

Example of PSD?

Answer 18

Spironolactone

Question 19

What is the drugs that pull the water into renal tubule without sodium loss?
PSD
CAI
Osmotic diuretics
Non of the above

Answer 19

C

Question 20

Indication of osmotic diuretics?

Answer 20

Reduction intracranial pressure
Prevention of renal failure
Reduction of intraocular pressure
Renal clearance of toxic substances

Question 21

What is the side effect of osmotic diuretics

Answer 21

Sudden drop in fluid levels,nausea,vomiting,hypotension,light headends,cardiac decompensation ,shock

Question 22

Give example of osmotic diuretics:

Answer 22

Mannitol,urea