Distress and Well-being Flashcards
What are 3 possible contexts of distress?
Clinical context
Medical context
Personal and everyday accounts
What is a clinical uni-dimensional measure of distress that has 10 questions?
The Kessler scale of distress
Developed closely with the ISM and DSM
It contains 10 questions, correlates and predicts mental illness but is NOT a diagnostic tool
What is the difference between Uni-dimensional and Multi-dimensional scales
Uni-one element being measured on a continuum and while the multi dimensional has different elements that are measured separately
What is a multi-dimensional clinical model for measurement of distress?
The DAS Scale system, which measures depression, anxiety and stress
What is the difference between the way the Kessler and the DAS Scale is measured?
DAS Scale is about what you were doing, what you were able to do etc, Kessler is based on feelings
What is a medical multi-dimensional measurement of distress?
the Ridner Scale which measures the perceived inability to cope, change in emotion, discomfort and possible harm caused
What is a personal multi-dimensional measure of distress?
The Masse level of distress, which involves writing an essay and argues that distress is so subjective that they are not able to be measured and compared
Based on the commonality of the test, what are good general measures of distress?
Depression, Anxiety and Stress
Why is distress study important?
Because it is an integral part of the DSM-5 for starters
It is an important issue and complex consideration in the persons life-
The persons culture
In context of the symptoms
The impact
The severity
What was found about indigenous Australiana in terms of distress and illness?
Indigenous people were far more likely to experience higher levels of severe distress than non-indigenous(around 10-15% increase over non indigenous)
What is the DALY scale?
Disability Adjusted Life Years - Amount of years of life lost due to the illness
What are some cultural ties to causes of distress?
Recognition of land ownership
Separation of culture and identity
Systemic discrimination
Lack of feeling of control - environment, dignity, community, justice, health services
Why is looking at one culture important for understanding distress?
Distress can be scaffolded by systematic social determinants
mitigating distress menas changing the system and reducing the impact of those social determinants
Similar patterns occur in US and Canada
It is also not to seen as a deficit model
What is resilience?
The ability to overcome distress and distressing experiences
Including the important elements of Calm, Eustress and Distress
What is a way to overcome, or get out distress?
Develop and adopt new strategies, skills and supports to reduce and manage stress
What is a way to help people develop resilience?
Develop sense of identity and leadership
What is hedonism?
Leaning towards self pleasure
What is Eudemonic wellbeing?
Having a sense of meaning and self realisation
What is the Self Determination Theory?
All humans have an innate desire for mastery and growth. There are 2 basic theories to Self Determination Theory, that we need to cover 3 basic psychological needs and that we need to have intrinsic motivation to move towards mastery
What are the 3 basic psychological needs in the self determination theory?
Autonomy - Freedom to make decisions in your life
Competence - Or the belief to become competent
Belonging/Relationships - The sense to belong with group and to be able to form relationships with other groups
What are examples of hedonic wellbeing?
subjective wellbeing happiness positive affect vitality and energy levels flow
What is a hedonic scale?
PANAS scale
What is an example of a combination of hedonic and eudemonic wellbeing?
PERMA Positive emotion Engagement, flow Relationships Meaning Accomplishmenta
What is WEMWBS?
A combined unidimensional Hedonic and Eudemonic scale
What is Balit Marrup
An indigenous wellbeing scale based on Strong Spirit and connection with and between Social Emotional Physical Cultural Spiritual
What was the outcome on well-being of increasing kindness and gratitude?
Greater satisfaction with life
Greater psychological functioning
Greater connectedness
No change in eudemonic wellbeing
Does simply promoting well-being improve positive growth?
Yes
In universities, does promoting intrinsic goals and autonomy supportive climates lead to deeper processing and better performance?
Yes
What is WEMWBS?
A unidimensional scale of wellbeing combining hedonic and eudonic wellbeing
What is the Kessler scale
A scale of distress with 10 questions that closely aligns to the DSM5
Why is attempting to say that distress and wellbeing are opposites?
Because we are saying that Distress is only bad, which is not necessarily true
Because it reduces the meanings of both things and over simplifies
Does not allow for effective interventions
