Distinguishing Concepts from One Another

Question 1

Chronic Poverty

Answer 1

Poor people who are poor for their entire lives and pass poverty on to their kids.

Question 2

Durable and Transitory Poverty

Answer 2

Poverty as a result of a fall in income, but household resources are enough to keep the household above the poverty line.

Question 3

GDP

Answer 3

Gross Domestic Product. The total market value of all finished goods and services produced within a country in a set time period.

Question 4

GNP

Answer 4

Gross National Product. GDP + the income of all of a country’s residents and businesses whether it flows back to the country or is spent abroad.

Question 5

GNI

Answer 5

Gross National Income. GDP + the total amount of money earned by a nation’s people and businesses.

Question 6

Limited Statehood

Answer 6

Parts of territory in a state where the central government can’t implement decisions or its monopoly.

Question 7

Fragmented sovereignty

Answer 7

State and non-state parties trying to decide who governs what in society.

Question 8

“Big D” development

Answer 8

A post-second world war project of intervention in the third world that emerged in the context of decolonization and the cold war.

Question 9

“Little d” development

Answer 9

Development of capitalism as a geographically uneven and contradictory set of historical processes.

Question 10

Colonialism

Answer 10

The active practice of political control of
peoples and territories by foreign states.

Question 11

Modern Imperialism

Answer 11

The creation and maintenance of an unequal economic, cultural, political and territorial relationship usually between states and often based on domination and subordination

Question 12

Racial Capitalism

Answer 12

Process that is dependent on placing value on the racial identity of others, harms the individuals affected and society as a whole; relies on slavery, violence, imperialism, and genocide.

Question 13

Capitalist World System

Answer 13

A world economy centered on capitalism (often racial capitalism where 2+ regions are interdependent on necessities, and 2+ polities compete for domination.

Question 14

Plantation Economies

Answer 14

Economy based on mass production of agriculture, and usually of a few commodity crops, grown on large farms worked by laborers or slaves.

Question 15

Settler Economies

Answer 15

Political takeover tactic that involves the immigration of people to the colony and putting up permanent settlement; plantations can be set up in consequence.

Question 16

Direct Colonial Rule

Answer 16

Placing appointees within a colony to reform or take over the government.

Question 17

Indirect Colonial Rule

Answer 17

Using existing structures of government as conduits for establishing rules and regulations.

Question 18

Hot Wars

Answer 18

War fought with violence, battlefield conflict, military hostility, and weaponry.

Question 19

Cold Wars

Answer 19

War that is fought indirectly among influential countries by using a substitute army.

(NOT A HOT WAR - direct form of conflict between powerful governments; similarities are in the fact they both involve political hostility)

Question 20

Global Poverty Line/Threshold

Answer 20

Measuring income as the primary and absolute measure of being poor.

Question 21

Poverty headcount

Answer 21

How many people fall under the poverty threshold.

Question 22

Proxy War

Answer 22

A war between small countries that each represent larger countries or powers.