Distillation, Filtration And Crystallisation Flashcards
What is distillation? What are the two types?
It is a process used to separate mixtures that contain liquids, their is simple and fractional.
Simple distillation is..? How it works?
A process that separates a liquid from a solution. You pour a solution into a distillation flasks and gradually heat it. The part of the solution which has the lowest boiling point will evaporate, this will then pass though a condenser which cools the gas to form a liquid which flows into a beaker where it is collected.
Fractional distillation is..? How it works?
A process that separates a mixture of liquids with similar boiling points. You attach a fractionating column to the distillation flask, having poured the mixture. You gradually heat the flask, the lowest boiling point liquid will evaporate first and will reach the top and condense via the condenser. Liquids with higher boiling points might also start to evaporate but the column is cooler at the top, when one is completed you increase the temperature repeat for each liquid.
Filtration is..? How it works?
A process used to separate an insoluble solid from a liquid. You pop some filtration paper into a funnel and pour your mixture into it. The liquid run though the paper leaving behind a solid residue.
Crystallisation is..? How it works?
A process that separates a soluble solid from a solution. You pour the solution into an evaporating dish and gently heat. When the water has evaporated or at the point of crystallisation remove the dish from the heat ad leave solution to cool. The salt should become insoluble crystals therefore you can filter the solution leaving the salt to dry in a warm place.
