Dissociative Disorders

Question 1

Dissociative Disorders

DSM 5

Answer 1

1. derealization is included in depersonalization/derealization disorder.
2. dissociative fugue is now a specifier of dissociative amnesia, not a separate diagnosis.
3. criteria for dissociative identity disorder changed to indicate that symptoms of disruption of identity may be reported as well as observed, and the gaps in recall of events may occur everyday and not just with traumatic events.
4. experiences of pathological possession is some cultures are included in identity disruptions.

Question 2

Dissociative Identity Disorder

Answer 2

DSM 5 changes

1. Criteria A: include certain possession-form phenomena and functional neurological symptoms to account for more diverse presentations
2. Criteria A: specifically states that transitions in identity may be observable by others or self-reported.
3. Criteria B: recurrent gaps in recall for everyday events (not just trauma).

Question 3

Dissociative Disorders

Defined

Answer 3

1. disruption in consciousness, identity, memory or perception of the environment, not due to medications or drugs.
2. important to take into account potential cultural influences on the individual symptoms.
3. Dissociative Amnesia: one or more episodes of inability to recall important personal information that cannot be attributed to ordinary forgetfulness.
   
   1. localized: inability to remember all events related to a circumscribed period of time
   2. selective: cannot recall some of the events related to period of time
   3. Generalized: loss of memory encompasses his/her entire life.
   4. Continuous: inability to recall events subsequent to a specific time through the present.
   5. Systematized: unable to recall memories related to a certain category of information.
   6. Dissociative Fugue: abrupt, unexpected travel away from home or work with an inability to recall some or all of one’s past.
      
      1. exhibits confusion about personal identity or partial or total assumption of a new identity.
4. depersonalization/derealization disorder:
   
   1. one or more episodes of depersonalization, which involves feeling detachment or estrangement from one’s mental processes or body.
   2. reality testing remains intact