dissociative disorders

Question 1

Human’s mind capacity to engage in complex mental activity in channels are independent of conscious awareness.

Answer 1

dissociation

Question 2

Unbidden intrusion to awareness and behavior with accompanying loses of continuity in subjective experience

Answer 2

positive symptoms

Question 3

inability to access or control mental functions that normally are readily amenable to access or control

Answer 3

negative symptoms

Question 4

examples of positive symptoms

Answer 4

Fragmentation of identity, depersonalization

& derealization

Question 5

example of negative symptom

Answer 5

amnesia

Question 6

fragmented self; a change in personality

Answer 6

fragmentation of identity

Question 7

detachment to current mind, self or body

Answer 7

depersonalization

Question 8

unreality or detachment to one’s surroundings

Answer 8

derealization

Question 9

inability to recall autobiographical information

Answer 9

dissociative amnesia

Question 10

Disruption of and/or discontinuity in the normal integration of consciousness, memory, identity, emotion, perception, body representation, motor control and behavior

Answer 10

dissociative disorders

Question 11

dissociative disorders included in DSM 5

Answer 11

• Dissociative identity disorder
• Dissociative amnesia
• Depersonalization/ derealization disorder
• Other specified dissociative disorder
• Unspecified dissociative disorder

Question 12

dissociative disorders included in DSM IV-TR

Answer 12

• Dissociative amnesia
• Dissociative fugue
• Dissociative identity disorder
• Depersonalization disorder
• Dissociative disorder nos

Question 13

dissociative identity disorder is formerly known as

Answer 13

multiple personality disorder

Question 14

DID Dramatic dissociative disorder which is characterized

by:

Answer 14

The presence of two or more distinct personality states or in some cultures as an experience of possession and recurrent dissociative amnesia or gaps

Question 15

In most cases, the one identity that is most

frequently encountered and carries the person’s real name

Answer 15

host identity

Question 16

these may differ in striking ways involving gender, age,, handwriting, sexual orientation, prescription for eyeglasses, predominant affect, foreign languages spoken, and general knowledge

Answer 16

alter identities

Question 17

in DID typically manifest as behaviors that appear as if a “spirit,” supernatural being, or outside person has taken control, such that the individual begins speaking or acting in a distinctly different manner

Answer 17

Possession-form identities

Question 18

Individuals with dissociative identity

disorder experience:

Answer 18

• Recurrent, inexplicable intrusions into their conscious functioning and sense of self
• Alterations of sense of self
• Odd changes of perception
• Strong emotions and impulses
• Intermittent functional neurological symptoms

Question 19

Diagnostic Criteria of DID

Answer 19

A.) Disruption of identity characterized by two or more distinct personality states
B.) Recurrent gaps in the recall
C.) The symptoms cause clinically significant distress or impairment
D.) The disturbance is not a normal part of a broadly accepted cultural or religious practice
E.) The symptoms are not attributable to the physiological effects of a substance or another medical condition

Question 20

Associated Features Supporting Diagnosis of DID

Answer 20

• Comorbid depression
• Anxiety
• Substance abuse
• Self-injury/ mutilation/ suicidal behavior
• Non-epileptic seizures
• Often conceal, or not fully aware of
• Disruptions in consciousness
• Amnesia
• Dissociative flashbacks; subsequent amnesia

Question 21

Prevalence of DID across genders was ____ for males and

____ for females

Answer 21

1.6%; 1.4%

Question 22

Over ____ of outpatients of DID have attempted suicide

Answer 22

70%

Question 23

Unable to recall important personal information, usually involving traumatic or stressful experiences

Answer 23

dissociative amnesia

Question 24

Diagnostic Features of Dissociative Amnesia

- Inability to recall important autobiographical info that:

Answer 24

1) Should be successfully stored in memory

2) Ordinarily would be readily remembered (Criterion A)

Question 25

Dissociative amnesia differs from the permanent amnesia in neurobiological damage because memory loss is usually ______

Answer 25

reversible

Question 26

Simple amnesia involves a loss of information from memory, usually as the result of _________ to the brain. With dissociative amnesia, the memories still exist but are _______ within the person's mind and cannot be recalled.

Answer 26

disease or injury; deeply buried

Question 27

Dissociative amnesia most often consists of _________ for a specific event or events; or generalized amnesia for ________

Answer 27

localized or selective amnesia; identity and life history

Question 28

Apparently purposeful travel or bewildered wandering that is associated with amnesia for identity or for other important autobiographical info

Answer 28

dissociative fugue

Question 29

5 types of dissociative amnesia

Answer 29

- Localized amnesia - Selective amnesia - Generalized amnesia - Systematized amnesia - Continuous amnesia

Question 30

A failure to recall events during a circumscribed period of time

Answer 30

Localized amnesia

Question 31

Can recall some, but not all, of the events during a circumscribed period of time

Answer 31

Selective amnesia

Question 32

A complete loss of memory for one’s life history

Answer 32

Generalized amnesia

Question 33

The individual loses memory for a specific category of information

Answer 33

Systematized amnesia

Question 34

An individual forgets each new event as it occurs

Answer 34

Continuous amnesia

Question 35

extensions to a diagnosis that further clarify the course, severity, or special features of a disorder or illness

Answer 35

specifiers

Question 36

a feeling of unreality, or detachment from, or unfamiliarity with, one’s whole self or from aspects of the self (Criterion A1)

Answer 36

depersonalization

Question 37

split self, with one part observing and one participating

Answer 37

“Out of body experience”

Question 38

symptoms of depersonalization

Answer 38

- anomalous body experiences - emotional or physical numbing - temporal distortions with anomalous subjective recall

Question 39

a feeling of unreality, or detachment from, or unfamiliarity with the world (Criterion A2)

Answer 39

derealization

Question 40

derealization is commonly accompanied by ______

Answer 40

virtual distortions

Question 41

Associated Features Supporting Diagnosis of Depersonalization/Derealization

Answer 41

- Subjectively altered sense of time - Difficulty in vividly recalling past memories - Vague somatic symptoms are common - Obsessional preoccupation - Physiological hyporeactivity to emotional stimuli

Question 42

what are the three most commonly co-occurring personality disorders with depersonalization/derealization?

Answer 42

avoidant, borderline, and obsessive-compulsive

Question 43

Other Specified Dissociative Disorder

Answer 43

- Chronic and recurrent syndromes of mixed dissociative symptoms - Identity disturbance due to prolonged and intense coercive persuasion - Acute dissociative reactions to stressful events - Dissociative trance

Question 44

This category includes identity disturbance associated with less-than-marked discontinuities in sense of self and agency, or alterations of identity or episodes of possession in an individual who reports no dissociative amnesia.

Answer 44

Chronic and recurrent syndromes of mixed dissociative symptoms

Question 45

Individuals who have been subjected to intense coercive persuasion (e.g. brainwashing, thought reform, indoctrination while captive, torture, long-term political imprisonment, recruitment by sects/cults or by terror organizations) may present with prolonged changes in, or conscious questioning of, their identity.

Answer 45

Identity disturbance due to prolonged and intense coercive persuasion

Question 46

This category is for acute, transient conditions that typically last less than 1 month, and sometimes only a few hours or days. These conditions are characterized by constriction of consciousness; depersonalization; derealization; perceptual disturbances

Answer 46

Acute dissociative reactions to stressful events

Question 47

Acute narrowing or complete loss of awareness of immediate surroundings that manifests as profound unresponsiveness or insensitivity to environmental stimuli. *unresponsiveness may be accompanied by minor stereotyped behaviors (e.g., finger movements) of which the individual is unaware and/or that he or she cannot control, as well as transient paralysis or loss of consciousness. The dissociative trance is not a normal part of a broadly accepted collective cultural or religious practice

Answer 47

Dissociative trance

Question 48

Do not meet the full criteria for any of the disorders in the dissociative disorders diagnostic class. Clinician chooses not to specify the reason that the criteria are not met for a specific dissociative disorder

Answer 48

Unspecified Dissociative Disorder