Dissability Flashcards
What are Neurodevelopmental Disorders (NDDs)?
A group of conditions that begin in early childhood and involve developmental deficits affecting personal, social, academic, or work functioning.
List three types of Neurodevelopmental Disorders.
- Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD)
- Down Syndrome (DS)
- Attention-deficit/hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)
What are common characteristics of Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD)?
- Difficulty developing social relationships
- May use language abnormally
- Repetitive behaviors or routines
- Highly focused interests or fixations
What personal strengths are associated with Autism Spectrum Disorder?
- Hyperfocus
- Creativity
- Attention to detail
- Memory
What social strengths are often found in individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder?
- Honesty
- Loyalty
- Deep empathy
What coping strategies can be used for Neurodevelopmental Disorders?
- Occupational Therapy (OT)
- Speech Therapy (SP)
- Physical Activity (PA)
What is Down Syndrome (DS) and how many types are there?
A genetic disorder resulting from an extra chromosome, with 3 types: Trisomy 21, Translocation DS, and Mosaic DS.
What percentage of Down Syndrome cases is Trisomy 21?
95% of all cases.
What is Attention-deficit/hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)?
A chronic condition that includes attention difficulty, hyperactivity, and impulsiveness.
What are the main challenges faced by individuals with ADHD?
Persistent challenges with focus, organization, and completing tasks.
What is Dyslexia?
A learning disorder characterized by difficulty processing and understanding words.
What defines Intellectual Disability?
Develops before age 18 and involves impairments of general mental abilities affecting functioning in three domains: conceptual, social, and practical.
What are the three domains affected by Intellectual Disability?
- Conceptual (e.g., memory, language, reading, math)
- Social (e.g., communication, social judgment, making friends)
- Practical (e.g., personal care, job responsibilities, money management)
What is Rett Syndrome?
A genetic mutation affecting primarily girls, characterized by normal development until approximately 6-18 months, followed by loss of mobility/function, seizures, cognitive problems, and loss of speech.
What statistic is important to know about children with NDDs?
1 in 6 children aged 3-17 have one or more Neurodevelopmental Disorders.
True or False: Males are more likely to report developmental disability disorders.
True.
What are some causes and risk factors for Neurodevelopmental Disorders?
- Genetics
- Parental health & behaviors
- Environmental exposures
- Infections
- Mostly unknown factors
What non-pharmacological therapies can support children with NDDs?
- Physical Activity (PA)
- Occupational Therapy
- Speech Therapy
- Parental Education Programs
What impact does Physical Activity (PA) have on children with NDDs?
- Improves cognitive function
- Enhances classroom function
- Positive effect on anxiety, impulsivity, and social disorders in children with ADHD
What are common barriers to physical activity for children with NDDs?
- Personal: lack of knowledge, preference, low self-confidence
- Social: parental concerns, negative societal attitudes, limited opportunities
- Environment: inadequate facilities, weather conditions
- Policy and programming: lack of programs, lack of capacity/knowledge
What benefits does physical activity offer for children with NDDs?
- Mental health
- Motor skills
- Academic performance
- Pain management
How do NDDs affect parents?
Higher stress levels, increased rates of mental health issues, and increased risk of experiencing poor health.
What support programs are warranted for parents of children with NDDs?
Parental education programs and caregiver programs to provide support while children are engaged in activities.
What offerings are included in the ‘Moovin and Groovin’ program?
- Talk sessions
- Physical Activity
- Mindfulness
- Educational Workshops
