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History 11 > Displacing indigenous people > Flashcards

Displacing indigenous people Flashcards

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1
Q

What were European settlements called?

A

Colonies

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2
Q

After the 17th century, American empires of _____ and ______ did not expand

A

Spain and Portugal

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3
Q

____, ____, ____ extended trading activities and established colonies in Asia, Africa, America

A

France, Holland, England

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4
Q

Settler refers to the?

A
  1. Dutch in South Africa.
  2. British in New Zealand, Ireland, Australia.
  3. Europeans in America.
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5
Q

_____,______,______ were found in North America, which explains the big industries in USA and Canada

A

Oil, gas, and mineral resources

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6
Q

What did the native people eat?

A

Fish and meat

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7
Q

What did the native people cultivate?

A

Vegetables and maize

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8
Q

Was land an issue between the native people?

A

No

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9
Q

Natives were content with food and shelter they got from the land without feeling the need to _______

A

Own it

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10
Q

What was an important feature of the native tradition?

A

Making formal alliances, friendships and exchanging gifts

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11
Q

What did the natives believe about time?

A

They believe that time moved in cycles

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12
Q

The natives were skilled ______ and wove _______

A

Craft people, beautiful textiles

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13
Q

In _____ century, Europeans reached North America

A

17th

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14
Q

Why were the Europeans relieved when they reached North America?

A

They were relieved because native people were friendly and welcoming

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15
Q

What did the Europeans come to trade in?

A

Fish and Furs

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16
Q

In the South, what did the French discover about the natives?

A

They found that natives held regular gatherings to exchange handicrafts, and food items

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17
Q

In return, what did the Europeans give the natives?

A
  1. Blankets.
  2. Iron vessels.
  3. Guns.
  4. Alcohol.
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18
Q

What was the purpose of giving alcohol to the natives?

A

Giving alcohol to the natives made them addicted. This allowed Europeans to dictate the terms of trade.

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19
Q

The Europeans viewed the natives as _____

A

Uncivilised

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20
Q

According to Jean Jacques Rousseau, the natives were….?

A

Untouched by the corruptions of ‘civilisation’

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21
Q

Williams, Wordsworth said natives to be…?

A

He said people living close to nature, had limited powers of imagination and emotions

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22
Q

Jean and William had met native people in real life. True or false?

A

False

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23
Q

To the natives, the goods they exchanged with the Europeans, they saw it as___?

A

Gifts that were given in friendship

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24
Q

However, for the Europeans fish and fur were ______ that they would sell in Europe for ____

A

Commodities. Profit.

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25
Q

Natives had no sense of what?

A

Markets

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26
Q

Why were people moving to America for a new life?

A

There were some European groups that were being persecuted as they belong to a different section of Christianity.
So they decided to leave Europe and settle in America

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27
Q

What was Jefferson’s dream? (the third president of USA.)

A

His dream was a country populated of Europeans with small farms

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28
Q

Protests by anti-slavery groups led to what?

A

Ban on slave trade

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29
Q

However, the Africans who were in USA USA remained..?

A

Slaves. As did their children.

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30
Q

There was a war between states that wanted to retain slavery and those who wanted to abolish it who won?

A

Slavery was abolished. In the 20th century, African-Americans were able to win the battle for civil liberties.

31
Q

In Canada, the French settlers repeatedly demanded autonomous political status. How was this solved?

A

In 1867, this problem was solved by organising Canada as a Confederation of autonomous state.

32
Q

Canada and USA came into existence when?

A

At the end of 18th Century

33
Q

When USA wanted to expand a large area of it was acquired by _____

A

Purchase

34
Q

Two places where USA bought its land from?

A
  1. Bought land in South from France (The Louisiana purchase)
  2. Bought land from Russia (Alaska)
35
Q

Southern USA had been won from ____
And how?

A

Southern USA had been won from Mexico by war

36
Q

Who were the people that came from Britain and France?

A

Some of the migrants from Britain and France were the YOUNGER SONS who would not inherit their father’s property, and therefore they were eager to own land in America

37
Q

Later, there were waves of immigrants from countries like?

A

Germany, Sweden, and Italy. who had lost their lands to big farmers and wanted farms, they could OWN

38
Q

Why were people from Poland happy to work in grasslands?

A

It reminded them of the stepps of their homes

39
Q

People of Poland were excited for what?

A

They were excited that they were being able to buy huge properties at very low prices

40
Q

People from Poland grew which crops?

A

Rice and cotton

41
Q

Was rice and cotton grown in Europe?

A

No, it was not, which is why they grew rice and cotton in America and sold it there for profit

42
Q

People wanted to protect their huge farms from which wild animals?

A

Mountain lions and wolves

43
Q

When did immigrants feel totally secure?

A

With the invention of barbed wire in 1873

44
Q

As settlement expanded who were forced to move?

A

The natives

45
Q

How did the Americans (European people of USA) cheat, the native people?

A
  1. By taking more land.
  2. Or by paying less than promised
46
Q

Which tribe was not given the rights of citizens, even after being governed by the state?

A

The Cherokee tribe

47
Q

What did Cherokees do to understand the American Way of life?

A

Cherokees made the most effort to learn English to understand the American way of life

48
Q

Who was the chief Justice of US? And what ruling did he give?

A

John Marshall ruled that the Cherokees were a distinct community with their own rights and state of Georgia had no authority over them

49
Q

Who ignored the rolling given by John Marshall?

A

Andrew Jackson, president ignored this ruling. He ordered the US Army to force the Cherokees from their land.

50
Q

What were the trail of tears?

A

The Cherokee were forced from their land and were driven to the great American desert. One fourth of them died along the trail of tears

51
Q

Those who took Cherokee’s land criticised them for what?

A
  1. Not using their craft skills to produce goods in market and called them, lazy.
  2. Not learning English.
  3. Not dressing correctly.
52
Q

What were reservations?

A

Reservations refers to the land reserve for the Native Americans. These were small areas where native had no earlier connection

53
Q

What was the gold Rush?

A

Europeans are very optimistic about golden North America. In 1840s, traces of gold were found. This led to a mad race among the Europeans to enter America, hoping for good fortune. This race among the Europeans was called the gold rush.

54
Q

Which country became the major industrial country?

A

USA

55
Q

Why did industries in North America develop?

A
  1. To manufacture Railway equipment for rapid transport.
  2. To produce machinery that would help make large scale farming easier.
56
Q

By 1890 ____ was completely wiped out, ending the way of life of many tribes

A

Bison

57
Q

Which colonies did US build?

A

USA built colonies like Hawaii and Philippines, it had become an imperial power.

58
Q

Which were the two rights given to only white men?

A

Right to vote and Right to property

59
Q

Which act gave natives in reservation, right to buy and take loans?

A

Indian reorganisation act of 1934

60
Q

Explain the ‘declaration of Indian rights’

A

In 1954 in ‘The declaration of Indian rights’ number of natives accepted US citizenship, but on the condition that their reservations would not be taken away and their traditions would not be interfered with

61
Q

Government announced that they would not recognise aboriginal rights. So the natives held a series of..?

A

Demonstration and debates

62
Q

What were past centuries of Australia called?

A

Dream time

63
Q

What was the large group of indigenous people in the north called?

A

Torres Strait Islanders

64
Q

When European settled into Australia, 90% of native died due to:

A
  1. New diseases.
  2. Loss of their lands.
  3. Conflicts with settlers.
65
Q

European settlers had to adapt to the life in Australia. Why?

A

Many European settlers were prisoners from England. They could not return back to England, but could live free in Australia. Therefore, they had to adapt the life of Australia.

66
Q

How did the economy of Australia grow?

A
  1. Sheep Farms.
  2. Mining.
  3. Farming.
67
Q

Chinese immigrants were banned and dark people from South Asia and Southeast Asia were not allowed why?

A

Because of the popular fear that non-white people might enter so they kept them out through government policies

68
Q

“The Great Australian silence” talked about what?

A

The silence of historians about the aborigines

69
Q

Which book by Henry Reynolds condemned practice of writing Australian history?

A

Why weren’t we told?

70
Q

What does the book “ Why weren’t we told?” talk about.

A

This book condemned the practice of writing Australian history

71
Q

Since the winds of change, what has happened to Australia?

A
  1. Universities have installed the study of natives
  2. Galleries of natives art have been added to art galleries.
  3. Natives have begun to write their own history.
72
Q

From 1974, what has been official policy of Australia?

A

Multiculturalism. This policy gives equal respect to native culture, cultures, and other cultures of the immigrants from Europe and Asia.

73
Q

What do you mean by Terra Nullius?

A

This is what the government of Australia has named its land. This means belonging to nobody.

74
Q

What are the two important decisions taken by Australia?

A
  1. To recognise that natives had strong historic bonds with the land that was sacred to them. And that this must be respected.
  2. There should be public apology for the injustice done to the children in an attempt to keep the “white” and “coloured” people apart.

History 11 (2 decks)

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