Displacement Reactions Flashcards
How is reactivity determined?
By how easily they lose electrons.
- The more readily a metal atom loses a valence electron, the more reactive it is.
What is the order of reactivity?
P S C M A Z I N T L H C S G potassium sodium calcium magnesium aluminium zinc iron nickel tin lead hydrogen copper silver gold
What is a Displacement Reaction?
A displacement reaction occurs when a solid metal is placed in a solution of ions of a different metal.
The solid metal can displace the metal in solution if it is more reactive.
When will Displacement Reactions occur?
Displacement reactions will only occur if the solid metal is more reactive than the metal in solution.
If the solid metal is less reactive then no reaction will occur.
Example: A piece of solid zinc is placed into copper sulphate?
Because zinc is more reactive than copper, a displacement reaction will occur;
zinc + copper sulphate = zinc sulphate + copper
Example: A piece of solid copper is placed in iron chloride?
Because copper is less reactive than iron, no reaction will occur;
copper + iron chloride = no reaction
What are Ores?
Reactive metals found as compounds
What is Extraction?
Extraction is the process of removing the metal from its ore, by giving electrons to a metal ion to return it to its solid form
The more reactive a metal, the harder it is to extract it from its ore.
What are Native Metals?
The least reactive metals and therefore can exist in their solid and pure form in nature - found at the bottom of the activity series
What metals can be extracted by carbon?
Metals which are below carbon on the activity series
What happens during a carbon extraction?
The carbon removes the oxygen from the metal ore, forming carbon dioxide and the pure form of the metal.
What metals can be extracted by electrolysis?
Metals which are above carbon on the activity series
What happens during a electrolysis extraction?
An electrical current is passed through a molten form of the ore, resulting in the extraction of the pure form of the metal - expensive process
