Disorders of the Upper Respiratory Tract

Question 1

What are the 5 main disorders of the upper respiratory tract?

Answer 1

1. Acute Rhinitis
2. Sinusitis
3. Laryngitis
4. Acute Epiglottitis
5. Acute Laryngotracheobronchitis (croup)
   [mem cue: L-E-L-S-R]

Question 2

What are the 3 types of Acute Rhinitis?

Answer 2

1. Common cold
2. Allergic rhinitis
3. Bacterial infection

Question 3

Common cold, caused by what and manifest by what?

Answer 3

Adenovirus, manifest itself by coryza (“runny nose”)

Question 4

Allergic rhinitis, mediated by what and what is increased?

Answer 4

Mediated by an IgE TYPE I immune reaction, increased EOSINOPHILS in Blood

Question 5

Bacterial infection, caused by what, presents as what?

Answer 5

Cause: Strep, Staph, H Influenzae
Presents: scaring, decrease vascularity, epithelial atrophy

Question 6

Sinusitis, presents as, caused by what?

Answer 6

Presents: inflammation of the PARANASAL sinuses
Caused: Nasal cavity extension, dental infection

Question 7

Laryngitis, presents as, caused by what?

Answer 7

Presents: acute inflammation of the larynx
Caused: Virus, bacteria, overuse of voice

Question 8

Acute epiglottitis, presents as, caused by what?

Answer 8

Presents: inflammation of the epiglottis
Caused: H INFLUENZAE
NOTE: CAN BE LIFE-THREATENING IN YOUNG KIDS

Question 9

Acute laryngotracheobronchitis (croup) presents as, caused by what?

Answer 9

Presents: inflammation of the larynx, trachea, epiglottis, HARSH COUGH, INSPIRATORY STRIDOR
Caused: Viral infection
NOTE: CAN BE LIFE-THREATENING IN INFANTS