Disorders of the Cardiovascular System Flashcards
What is the leading cause of death in the US?
heart disease
What are the main risk factors for developing heart disease?
high blood pressure, high cholesterol, and smoking
What is CAD
Coronary Artery Disease, is a disease which the coronary arteries become narrowed by plaque
What is Angia Pectoris?
pain or tightness in the chest when fatty plaque inside the coronary arteries restrict the blood flow to the heart
What is MI?
Myocardial Infarction, also known as a heart attack, is the damage or death of part of the heart muscle caused by lack of blood flow through the coronary arteries
What is HTN?
also known as high blood pressure, occurs when the force of blood against artery walls is too high
What is Hypercholesterolemia?
also known as high cholesterol, is a high level of cholesterol in the body
What is an aneurysm?
localized enlargement of an artery caused by weakness in the arterial wall
What is anteriosclerosis?
hardening of arteries caused by cholesterol-like plaque
What is embolism?
a blood clot, piece of plaque, or other substance that travels in the bloodstream and lodges in a blood vessel causing a sudden blockage
What is thrombosis?
the formation of a blood clot attached to the interior wall of a blood vessel (thrombus) that prevents blood flow
What are varicose veins?
swollen, enlarged veins usually in the legs caused by faulty valves in the veins allowing blood to pool
What are blood disorders?
conditions that impair the formation and function of red blood cells, white blood cells, or platelets
What is iron-deficiency anemia?
a type of anemia that occurs when the body doesnt have enough iron to produce red blood cells
What is sickle cell disease?
an inherited blood disorder that causes red blood cells to become mishapen which can block blood flow and lead to health complications
What is pernicious anemia?
decrease in red blood cells that occurs when the intestines cannot properly absorb vitamin B12
What is leukemia?
a type of cancer where the bone marrow produces abnormal white blood cells which don’t function properly
What is sepsis?
a life threatening condition that occurs when the body has an overwhelming immune response to an infectious organism that has entered the bloodstream
