Disorders of Cerebral Cortex Flashcards
A lesion to the Primary Sensory Areas would cause what deficit?
discriminative sensory information
A lesion to the Secondary Sensory Areas would cause what deficit?
agnosia
A lesion to the Motor Planning Areas would cause what deficit?
apraxia
A lesion to the Primary Motor Cortex would cause what deficit?
fractionation of movement
A lesion to the Dorsolateral Prefrontal Association Cortex would cause what deficit?
executive function
A lesion to the Temporoparietal Association Areas would cause what deficit?
communication
A lesion to the Ventral and Medial Dorsal Prefrontal Association Cortex would cause what deficit?
personality and emotion
Ignoring one side or stimuli coming from one side of one’s own body can be defined as?
Visual Spatial Neglect
Visual Spatial Neglect can be caused by damage to what structure?
right parietal area
Loss of awareness of body parts can be defined as?
Somatognosia
Somatognosia can be caused by damage to what structure?
the dominant parietal lobe
Impaired ability to perceive multiple stimuli of same type simultaneously can be defined as?
Sensory extinction
Sensory extinction can be caused by what?
Contralateral lesion
Difficulty determining right and left sides of one’s own body can be defined as?
Right/left Discrimination Disorder
Right/left Discrimination Disorder can be caused by damage to what structure?
right parietal-occipital area
Severe denial, neglect or lack of awareness of condition can be defined as?
Anosognosia
Anosognosia can be caused by damage to what structure?
right anterior insula
The inability to recognize familiar objects with one sensory modality while retaining ability to recognize same object with other sensory modalities can be defined as?
Agnosia
The inability to visually recognized objects despite having intact vision can be defined as?
Visual Agnosia
Can perceive sound but cannot recognize it can be defined as?
Auditory Agnosia
Inability to identify objects by touch and manipulation despite intact discriminative somatosensation can be defined as?
Astereognosis
Inability to perform voluntary, learned movements in the absence of loss of sensation, strength, coordination, attention, or comprehension can be defined as?
Apraxia
Unable to comprehend relationship of parts to the whole can be defined as?
Constructional apraxia
Cannot perform the task at all, either on command or on own can be defined as?
Ideational apraxia
Cannot perform the task on command, but can do the task when left on their own can be defined as?
Ideomotor apraxia
The uncontrollable repetition of a movement can be defined as?
Motor perseveration
The abnormal, uncontrolled expression of emotions (abrupt mood shifts, usually to anger, depression, anxiety, Involuntary, inappropriate emotional expression in the absence of subjective emotion pathologic laughter or crying) can be defined as?
Emotional Lability
Laughing when sad and crying for no reason is symptoms of?
Emotional Lability
The tendency to behave as if one side of the body and/or one side of space does not exist can be defined as?
Neglect
The following characteristics are symptoms of…? Involuntary, uncontrollable movement of the upper extremity
- Moves without intention
- Grasps unintentionally
- Damage to a variety of cortical and subcortical structures
-Leads to frustration, perplexity, annoyance, anger
-Treated with visual feedback and sensory stimulation for affected limb
Alien Hand Syndrome
A seizure lasting longer than 5 minutes can be defined as?
status epilepticus
Period that begins when a seizure subsides and ends when the patient returns to baseline.
Postictal period
What type of seizure involves a loss of consciousness and violent muscle contractions?
tonic clonic seizure (seizures that happen in movies)
What type of seizure involves brief, sudden lapses in attention?
Absence seizures
Leads to poor communication between hemispheres and may perform conflicting tasks
Callosotomy (split brain)
What type of TBI is characterized by having a primary AND secondary impact on the brain?
Coup contrecoup
The shearing (tearing) of the brain’s long connecting nerve fibers (axons) that happens when the brain is injured as it shifts and rotates inside the bony skull can be defined as?
Diffuse axonal injury
