Disorders - Characteristics Flashcards
What is a phobia?
A definite and persistent fear of a particular object or situation.
What physical symptoms could someone with a phobia experience?
Shortness of breath or palpitations.
How does the DSM-IV classify phobias?
- A marked and persistent fear that is excessive and unreasonable.
- The phobic stimulus evokes an immediate anxiety response.
- The phobia disrupts the sufferers’ day-to-day life.
How does the ICD-10 classify phobias?
- Symptoms are a primary manifestation of anxiety.
- Anxiety response occurs when only the phobic stimulus is present.
- Phobic stimulus is avoided at all costs.
Name a type of anxiety disorder.
Phobia.
Name a type of psychotic disorder.
Schizophrenia.
What is a psychotic disorder?
Type of disorder that involves a loss of contact with reality.
How are symptoms of schizophrenia categorised?
Positive and Negative symptoms.
What are positive symptoms of schizophrenia?
Symptoms that the patient did not experience before having the disorder. The symptoms are 'added' by the disorder. ADD A - auditory hallucinations D - delusions D - disorganised speech
What are negative symptoms of schizophrenia?
Negative symptoms involve a loss of something that the patient had before they had schizophrenia. LIDL
LIDL L - loss of emotional feelings I - inability to feel pleasure D - disorganised aspect L - lack of motivation
How does the DSM-IV classify schizophrenia?
- Delusions
- Hallucinations
- Disorganised speech and behaviour
How does the ICD-10 classify schizophrenia?
- Persistent delusions
- Persistent hallucinations
- Catatonic behaviour.
Name one type of affective disorder.
Depression.
Describe the two types of depression.
- Major depression = episode of depression that can occur suddenly. Could be reactive (caused by external factors) or endogenous (caused by internal factors)
- Manic depression = (bipolar) alternation between two extreme moods. Mood changes occur in regular cycles.
What are affective disorders?
They are characterised by strong emotions that affects an individual’s ability to function normally.
