disorders Flashcards
encephalopathy
disorder of the brain that affects its structure or function
Wernicke Korsakoff
psychosis induced by thiamine (vit b1) deficiency
Uppers vs. Downers
Upper - stimulants that increase activity in the CNS (elevate mood & energy levels)
Downer- Depressants that decrease activity in CNS (generate calming, relaxing, and sedative effect)
asthma
inflammatory disorder of airways
wheezing, gasping
COPD
ongoing inflammation and damage to the airways and air sacs in the lungs
pulmonary emphysema
destruction of alveoli, narrowing of bronchioles, resulting in trapped air with a loss in lung elasticity
chronic bronchitis
inflammation and hyper-secretion of mucus in bronchi caused by chronic exposure to irritants
pnemonia
inflammatory process in the lungs that causes the alveoli air sacs to fill with fluid or pus
tuberculosis
bacterial infection in the lungs caused by mycobacterium tuberculosis
pulmonary embolism
occurs when blood clot blocks one of the blood vessels in the lungs usually comes from the legs or other parts of the body and travels to the lung blocking blood from flowing properly making it hard to breathe
pneumothorax
collection of air or gas trapped in the pleural space that causes part of the lung to collapse due to negative pressure
hemothorax
accumulation of blood in the pleural cavity
GERD
condition where lower esophageal sphincter does not close properly allowing stomach contents to back up into the esophagus.
hiatal hernia
portion of stomach that sticks out of the diaphragm into the chest
PUD
ulcerations in the stomach as a result of mucosal tissue destruction
(high risk of bleeding and perforation-a hole)
irritable bowel syndrome
recurrent diarrhea, constipation, and/or abdominal pain and bloating
ulcerative colitis
recurrent ulcerative and inflammatory disease on the mucosa of the colon
cirrhosis
irreversible scarring of the liver
cholecystitis
inflammation of the gallbladder
cholelithiasis
presence of gallbladder stones
osteoarthritis
progressive degenerative deterioration and loss of cartilage in one or more joints
osteoporosis
bone loss that causes a decreased density and possible fracture
osteomyelitis
bone infection
diabetes insipidus
deficiency of ADH that results in the inability of the kidneys to conserve water.
SIADH
excessive release of ADH resulting in the inability to excrete an appropriate amount of urine
Addisons Disease
condition where adrenal glands don’t produce enough cortisol and aldosterol making you feel tired, weak, and dizzy
addisonian crisis
signs of shock (hypotension, tachycardia, tachypnea, pallor)
Cushing’s Disease
too much of the cortisol hormone
hypothyroidism
when your thyroid gland isn’t making enough hormones (decrease in T3 and T4 ), causing your body to slow down
hyperthyroidism
production of too much thyroid hormone, this hormone controls metabolism so it affects how your body uses energy
(high energy and high metabolism)
GRAVES DISEASE
anemia
deficiency in RBC resulting in decreased oxygen delivery to cells
angina
myocardial ischemia caused by blockage
MI
destruction of myocardial tissue due to reduced coronary blood flow and lack of oxygen
hypovolemic shock
decrease in blood or fluids
distributive shock
vasodilation causes blood to pool in peripheral vessels
neurogenic shock
caused by spinal cord
anaphylactic shock
life-threatening reaction
septic shock
results from systemic infection
