Disinfectants and Disinfection

Question 1

Define sterile

Answer 1

Free of all living organisms, especially microorganisms

Question 2

Define disinfect

Answer 2

Removal of most living organisms

Question 3

What is a disinfectant and why to we need it?

Answer 3

Any agent that kills or inhibits the growth of microorganisms. More livestock are being raised in confinement facilities which leads to pathogen accumulation.

Question 4

What does sanitation/disinfection do?

Answer 4

Interrupts the spread or transmission of the disease and “breaks the disease cycle”

Question 5

What is the first step in sanitation?

Answer 5

Removal of organic matter

Question 6

List 5 characteristics of a good disinfectant

Answer 6

1. Broad spectrum of activity, coral vs static
2. Economical
3. Not destructive to material/tissues
4. No residual activity
5. Effective when diluted

Question 7

How do disinfectant kill microorganisms?

Answer 7

1. Oxidation
2. Dehydration
3. Coagulation
4. Chemical Reactions

Question 8

What are the classes of chemical disinfectants?

Answer 8

Phenols, Halogens, Formals, Quaternary Ammonium Compounds, Alcohols

Question 9

Example of a phenol

Answer 9

Pine oil

Question 10

What does a phenol coefficient measure?

Answer 10

The ability of the disinfectant to kill typhoid fever organisms

Question 11

Example of a halogen

Answer 11

Iodine

Chlorine

Question 12

Example of a formol

Answer 12

Formaldehyde

Question 13

Example of quaternary amines

Answer 13

Ammonia

Question 14

Example of alcohol

Answer 14

Ethanol

Isopropanol

Question 15

List 3 non-chemical disinfectants

Answer 15

Mechanical- brushing,scrubbing,water under pressure removes dirt (organic matter)
Sunlight- ultra-violet rays- surface disinfectant
Heat- stream