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Pulmonology Board Correlates > Diseases in Pulmonary Medicine: DVT and Pulmonary Embolism > Flashcards

Diseases in Pulmonary Medicine: DVT and Pulmonary Embolism Flashcards

1
Q

One of the three major cardiovascular causes of death, along with MI and stroke

A

Venous thromboembolism

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2
Q

One of the three major cardiovascular causes of death, along with MI and stroke

A

Venous thromboembolism

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3
Q

Causes of pulmonary embolism

A

Fat, foreign body, air, DVT, bone marrow, amniotic fluid, tumor

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4
Q

Risk factor for pulmonary infarction

A

Patients with pre-existing heart/lung disease

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5
Q

Usual cause of death from PE

A

Progressive right heart failure

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6
Q

DVT: Most frequent history

A

Cramp in the lower calf that persists for several days and becomes more uncomfortable

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7
Q

PE: Most frequent history

A

Unexplained breathlessness

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8
Q

Classic signs of PE

A

Tachycardia, low-grade fever, neck vein distention

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9
Q

Most frequent symptom of PE

A

Dyspnea

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10
Q

Most frequent sign of PE

A

Tachypnea

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11
Q

Useful rule out test

A

Quantitative plasma D-dimer ELISA

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12
Q

Most frequently cited ECG abnormality in PE

A

Sinus tachycardia, S1 Q3 T3 sign

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13
Q

Most common ECG abnormality in PE

A

T-wave inversion in leads V1 to V4

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14
Q

Principal imaging test for the diagnosis of PE

A

Chest CT scan with IV contrast

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15
Q

Second-line diagnostic test for PE, used mostly in patients who cannot tolerate IV contrast

A

Lung scanning

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16
Q

Best known indirect sign of PE on 2D echo

A

McConnell’s sign (hypokinesis of the RV free wall with normal motion of the RV apex)

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17
Q

Definitive diagnosis of PE

A

Pulmonary angiography

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18
Q

Replaced invasive pulmonary angiography as primary diagnostic test

A

Chest CT with contrast

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19
Q

Foundation for successful treatment of DVT and PE

A

Anticoagulation

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20
Q

Most serious adverse effect of anticoagulation

A

hemorrhage

21
Q

Top 3 causes of ARDS

A

Gram-negative sepsis, gastric aspiration, severe trauma

22
Q

Short term morphology of ARDS

A

Waxy hyaline membrane

23
Q

Long term morphology of ARDS

A

Intraalveolar fibrosis

24
Q

Histologic manifestation of ARDS

A

Diffuse alveolar damage

25
Q

Pulmonary artery wedge pressure (PAWP) in ARDS

A
26
Q

Causes of pulmonary embolism

A

Fat, foreign body, air, DVT, bone marrow, amniotic fluid, tumor

27
Q

Risk factor for pulmonary infarction

A

Patients with pre-existing heart/lung disease

28
Q

Usual cause of death from PE

A

Progressive right heart failure

29
Q

DVT: Most frequent history

A

Cramp in the lower calf that persists for several days and becomes more uncomfortable

30
Q

PE: Most frequent history

A

Unexplained breathlessness

31
Q

Classic signs of PE

A

Tachycardia, low-grade fever, neck vein distention

32
Q

Most frequent symptom of PE

A

Dyspnea

33
Q

Most frequent sign of PE

A

Tachypnea

34
Q

Useful rule out test

A

Quantitative plasma D-dimer ELISA

35
Q

Most frequently cited ECG abnormality in PE

A

Sinus tachycardia, S1 Q3 T3 sign

36
Q

Most common ECG abnormality in PE

A

T-wave inversion in leads V1 to V4

37
Q

Principal imaging test for the diagnosis of PE

A

Chest CT scan with IV contrast

38
Q

Second-line diagnostic test for PE, used mostly in patients who cannot tolerate IV contrast

A

Lung scanning

39
Q

Best known indirect sign of PE on 2D echo

A

McConnell’s sign (hypokinesis of the RV free wall with normal motion of the RV apex)

40
Q

Definitive diagnosis of PE

A

Pulmonary angiography

41
Q

Replaced invasive pulmonary angiography as primary diagnostic test

A

Chest CT with contrast

42
Q

Foundation for successful treatment of DVT and PE

A

Anticoagulation

43
Q

Most serious adverse effect of anticoagulation

A

hemorrhage

44
Q

Top 3 causes of ARDS

A

Gram-negative sepsis, gastric aspiration, severe trauma

45
Q

Short term morphology of ARDS

A

Waxy hyaline membrane

46
Q

Long term morphology of ARDS

A

Intraalveolar fibrosis

47
Q

Histologic manifestation of ARDS

A

Diffuse alveolar damage

48
Q

Pulmonary artery wedge pressure (PAWP) in ARDS

A

Pulmonology Board Correlates (8 decks)

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