Diseases, Disorders and Abnormalities Flashcards
What are the causes, risk factors, symptoms, tests, treatment and expected prognosis of anencephaly?
Cause is unknown but it occurs during the early stages of fetal development and results in the upper part of the neural tube not closing
Presenting symptoms for the infant will be the absence of the skull, absence of the brain, facial feature abnormalities, and heart defects.
The following test can be done to diagnose anencephaly: ultrasound and amniocentesis ( to look for increased levels of alpha-fetoprotien).
There is no current treatment.
The prognosis is usually death within a few days.
What are the causes, risk factors, symptoms, tests, treatment and expected prognosis of aortic aneurysm?
Cause is unknown, but most often seen in males over the age of 60.
Risk factors include Emphysema, Genetic Factors, High Blood Pressure, High Cholesterol, Male Gender, Obesity, Smoking.
Symptoms include Pain in the abdomen or back, clammy skin, dizziness, nausea and vomiting, rapid heart rate, and shock.
Examination of the abdomen may reveal an abdominal mass, pulsating sensation and stiff or rigid abdomen.
An angiogram, CT scan or ultrasound or the abdomen may be used to confirm diagnosis.
Depending on the size regular monitoring of the aneurysm may be the best choice. If the aneurysm is larger than 2 inches surgery may be recommended.
Prognosis is good if repaired prior to rupture. If a rupture begins it is a medical emergency and less than 80% of patients survive.
What are the causes, risk factors, symptoms, tests, treatment and expected prognosis of acanthamoeba Keratitis?
It is a rare disease that is most common in those who wear contact lenses.
Risk Factors include storing and handling lenses improperly, disinfecting lenses improperly, swimming, using a hot tub or showering while wearing lenses, coming in contact with contaminated water, having a history of trauma tot he cornea.
