diseases

Question 1

Cataracts

Answer 1

Clouding of the lens
Causes: Genetics, trauma, inflammation, age, DM (diebetes)
surgery is the only treatment under anesthesia

Question 2

PGNM

Answer 2

“Cherry Eye”
third eyelid herniation of the tissue
occurs in younger dogs
common in english bulldogs

Question 3

Immune Mediated Superficial Keratitus (Pannus)

Answer 3

Fleshy tissue around the cornea
common in German Shepherds and Grey hounds
cants be cured but managed
limit sun exposure and use eye drops

Question 4

Miebomian Gland Adenoma (MGA)

Answer 4

-Benign age related tumors
Affect the meibomian glands
reduce normal ability to blink
can be removed with eye drops and local anesthesia without putting the patient to sleep
use cryotherapy after that

Question 5

Sudden Acquired Retinal Degeneration (SARD)

Answer 5

No treatment
retinal damage that results in loss of vision if not treated quickly
diagnosed with ERG (Electroretinogram)

Question 6

Glaucoma

Answer 6

Considered an emergency
increase of pressure in the eye due to fluid buildup
damages the optic nerve
can be confirmed with a gonioscopy
treated with Toxic Chemical Intravitreal Ciliary Body Ablasion

Question 7

Toxic Chemical Intravitreal Ciliary Body Ablasion

Answer 7

Treatment for glaucoma

Inject Gentomycin into the eye to decrease pressure in the eye and save the optic nerve

Question 8

Entropion

Answer 8

Eyelids roll in and rub against cornea
causes corneal ulcerations, scarring and general discomfort
common in Sharpei, chow and bulldog
pricing: 900 - 1400
dont do surgery on puppies because their faces will change

Question 9

Keratoconjuctivitis Sicca (KCS)

Answer 9

Dry eye
eye doesnt produce tears
signs: thick ropey muccus, discharge, squinting, dull conrea, redness, xeromyctera (dry nostril)
ongoing topical treatment

Question 10

Exposure Keratopathy Syndrome (EKS)

Answer 10

corneal disease: brown pigmentation grows accross cornea
scar tissue and blood vessels
non painful but will result in lov if not treated

Question 11

Basement Membrane Disease (BMD)

Answer 11

Epithelium (surface of the eye) Doesnt Adhere properly
chronic painful non healing corneal ulcerations
Occurs in middle aged and older dogs
Treated with CBK which stimulates corneal healing
Price: 250$
More aggressive surgery: Debridgement Grid Keratotomy (DKG)
signs: holding eyelids closed, watery discharge, rubbing at the eyes, and blue/grey/red appearance.

Question 12

Phacoemulsification Cataract Removal Surgery

Answer 12

Elective procedure
requires time commitment inclusing eye drops 8-10 weeks after surgery and the use of an elizabethan collar
postop evaluations are performed 24 hours after surgery then one week, three weeks and three months later
In the surgery a tiny probe breaks up the cataracts then the particles are drawn out of the eye and normally an artificial lens implant in put in

Question 13

Incipient cataracts 1+

Answer 13

Small opacities in the lens are present but good vision is mantained and surgery is not reccomended

Question 14

Immature Cataracts 2+

Answer 14

Vision is impaired but the patient is still functional and surgery may or may not be reccomended

Question 15

Mature cataracts 3+

Answer 15

functional vision is lost but the pet still percieves light and surgery is usually reccomended

Question 16

Hypermature Cataracts 4+

Answer 16

Functional Vision is limited and the lens capsule is damaged surgery often can succesfully remove the cataracts but a lens is not reccomended