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Microbio > Diseases > Flashcards

Diseases Flashcards

1
Q

Skin diseases

A

caused by staphylococci and streptococci

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2
Q

Pimples and Boils

Staphylococcus aureus

A

Caused by staphylococcus aureus invasions through hair follicles.

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3
Q

Scalded Skin Syndrome

Staphylococcus aureus

A

caused by 2 different exotoxins that are called EXOFOLIATINS that are created by S aureus

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4
Q

Strep throat

Streptococcus pyogens

A

rash on the inside of the throat caused by S pyogenes, complications can lead to scarlet fever and Rhematic Fever

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5
Q 
Scarlet Fever
(variation of strep throat)
A

complication of strep throat that is caused by ERYTHROGENIC toxins.

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6
Q

Erysipelas

hemolytic streptococci

A

caused by hemolytic streptococci and spreads easily due to its ability to make HYALURONIDASE. Can cause septicemia if left untreated

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7
Q

Flesh Eating Bacteria

streptococci

A

streptococci which can make enzymes that allow them to digest human tissue rapidly

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8
Q

Impetigo

Both staphlococci and streptococci

A

PYODERMA lesions caused by staphlococci, streptococci, or both

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9
Q

Acne

Propionibacterium Acnes

A

casued by the anaerobic organism Propionibacterium Acnes

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10
Q 
Burn Infections
(Pseudomona aeruginosa)
A

Pseudomonas aeruginosa starts to grow underneath the scab that develops over burned skin

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11
Q

Eye Infections

A

caused by gonorrhoeae or chlamydia

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12
Q

Ophthalmia neonatorum

gonorrhoeae and chlamydia

A

conjunctivitus of the newborn. gonorrhoeae or chlamydia present in the birth canal can infect the eyes of the baby. treated by silver nitrate or tetracyclines

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13
Q

Pink eye

several organisms

A

Bacterial conjunctivitis, caused by a number of organisms. Can be treated with sulfonamide

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14
Q

Trachoma

chlamidia

A

swollen conjunctivitis caused by chlamidia

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15
Q

Urogenital and STD’s

A

UTI’s, Bacterial Vaginitis, Toxic shock syndrome, Gonorrhea, Syphilis, Chlamydia

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16
Q

UTI

Escherichia Coli

A

80% caused by E Coli. Often nosocomial infections

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17
Q

Bacterial Vaginitis

Gardnerella vaginalis

A

when the pH of the vagina increases, normal flora interacts with anaerobic bacteria to cause infection. (So basically this is an opportunistic infection)

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18
Q

Toxic shock syndrome

Staphylococcus aureus

A

S aureus strains make the exotoxin C and cause this disease that involves fever, rash, and drop in blood pressure

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19
Q

Gonorrhea

neisseria gonorrohoeae

A

caused by neisseria gonorrhoeae. Can lead to PID

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20
Q

Syphilis

Treponema pallidum

A

Organism treponema pallidum is transmitted sexually and casues syphilis. All organs of the body can be damaged by the organism. CHANCRE present

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21
Q

Chlamydia

Chlamydia trachomatis

A

caused by chlamydia trachoatis can cause NGU and PID

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22
Q

Upper and lower respiratory tract diseases

A

diptheria, whooping cough (pertussis), Pneumonia, mycoplasma pneumonia, legionnaires disease, TB

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23
Q

Diptheria

Corynebacterium diptheria

A

The organism makes an exotoxin which inhibits protein synthesis. It causes a PSEUDOMEMBRANE as well

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24
Q 
Whooping Cough (Pertussis)
(Bordetella pertussis)
A

Caused by Bordetella pertussis. Only infects humans and produces both an exotoxin and endotoxin. 3 stages: CATARRHAL, PAROXYSMAL, CONVALESCENT

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25
Q

Pneumonia

Streptococcus pneumoniae

A

caused by streptococcus pneumoniae. Has a vaccine

26
Q

Mycoplasma Pneumonia

Mycoplasma pneumoniae

A

caused by Mycoplasma pneumoniae which lacks a cell wall. Because of the lack of a cell wall it cannot be treated by penicillin

27
Q

Legionnaires Disease

Legionella pneumophila

A

caused by legionella pneumophila. Survives in wbc’s

28
Q

Tuberculosis(TB)

Mycobaterium tuberculosis

A

Caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. grows slow and survives in macrophages and wbc’s. causes lung lesions and tissue death. Treated by isoniazid, rifampin, and ethambutol

29
Q

Gastrointestinal Diseases

A

food poisoning, S aureus, C perfringens, B cereus, Salmonellosis, Typhoid fever, Shigellosis, Cholera, E Coli, E coli O157:H7, Campulobacter jejuni/ C fetus, Yersiniosis, Peptic Ulcers, Clostridium difficile

30
Q

Food poisoning

Staphylococcus, Clostridium perfringens and botulinim, and Bacillis cereus

A

food with preformed toxins in it. Disease caused by toxins are referred to as intoxications rather than infections. Symptoms occur more rapidly than in infections

31
Q

S. Aureus

A

makes enterotoxins A or D. Inflames the intestines and stimulates vomiting center of the brain

32
Q

Clostridium perfringens

A

makes an enterotoxn and also forms an ENDOSPORE. Causes gas gangreen and food poisoning

33
Q

Bacillus cereus

A

makes enterotoxin which induces vomiting

34
Q

Enteritis

A

infmlammation of the intestine

35
Q

Salmonellosis

Salmonella enteritidis

A

caused by Salmonella enterititdis. Gram negative so makes an ENDOTOXIN

36
Q

Typhoid fever

Salmonella typhi

A

created by salmonella typhi. Infects macrophages in the lymph. Can cause septecimia.

37
Q

Shigellosis

Shigella dysenteriae

A

bacterial dysentary. Makes a toxin called the Shiga toxin which can lead to coma

38
Q

Cholera

Vibrio cholerae

A

Caused by Vibrio Cholerae. damages intestinal lining. Produces rice water stools.

39
Q

Escherichia Coli

A

traveller’s diarrhea. Is carried in our intestines and can cause opportunistic infections

40
Q

E coli O157:H7

A

this strain of E coli makes shiga toxins 1 & 2

41
Q

Campylobacter jejuni and C fetus

A

results in copius diarrhea

42
Q

Yersiniosis

Yersinia enterocolitica

A

produces enterotoxins and survives and grown at refrigerator temps.

43
Q

Peptic Ulcers

Heliobacter pylori

A

Caused by Helicobacter pylori which survives the acidity of the stomach since it can neutralize it .

44
Q

Clostridium difficile

A

gram positive, endospore forming rod.

45
Q

Nervous System Diseases

A

Bacterial Meningitis, Listeriosis, Tetanus, Botulism

46
Q

Bacterial Meningitis

Neisseria meningitidis

A

Caused by Neisseria meningitidis. makes an unusally large amount of ENDOTOXIN.
used to be caused by Haemophilus influenzae

47
Q

Listeriosis

Listeria monocytogenes

A

casued by listeria monocytogenes

48
Q

Tetanus

Clostridium tetani

A

caused by Clostridium tetani, which is an anaerobic endospore former.

49
Q

Botulism

Clostridium botulinum

A

caused by Clostridium botulinum, and makes the most potent toxin known to man, botulinum toxin, a neurotoxin carried on a prophage. Also is an endospore

50
Q

Systemic Diseases

A

Puerperal Fever, Group B streptococci, Rheumatic Fever, Anthrax, Plague, Lyme Disease, Rickettsial Systemic Disease, Epidemic typhus, Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever

51
Q

Puerperal Fever

Streptococcus pyogenes

A

caused by streptococcus pyogenes.

52
Q

Group B streptococci

A

can cause neonatal Sepsis with meningitis as a potential complication

53
Q

Rheumatic Fever

Streptococcus pyogenes

A

Streptococcus pyogenes causes strep throat and thos symptoms go away. However fever, rash, and arthritis develops.

54
Q

Anthrax

Bacillus anthracis

A

can cause blood clots in lung capillaries which lead to death, creats EDEMA TOXIN

55
Q

Plague

Yersinia pestis

A

Yersinia pestis amkes exotoxins which inhibits macrophages and other parts of the immune system. transferred from rodents to humans via tick bite

56
Q 
Lyme Disease
(Borrelia burgdorferi)
A

Caused by tick bites and transferred from deer and rodents

57
Q

Rickettsial Systemic Disease

A

caused by obligate intracellular parisites, cause skin lesions called petechiae

58
Q

Epidemic Typhus

Rickettsia prowazekii

A

caused by Rickettsia prowazekii and is gotten from bites by lice, PETECHIAE skin lesions

59
Q

Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever

Rickettsia rickettsia

A

caused by Rickettsia rickettsia and is transmitted by ticks.
PETECHIAE skin lesions

60
Q

Endospores

A

problematic because they germinate after treatment and therefore can reinfect the host

Microbio (10 decks)

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