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Gp Exam Study > Diseases > Flashcards

Diseases Flashcards

1
Q

Measles

A 
Corzya at start
Dry cough
Red eyes
Classic descending exanthema of measles
Koplik spots in the mouth
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2
Q

Parkinsons quintet

A

2 or more signs = parkinsons

  1. Tremor at rest
  2. Rigidity
  3. Bradykinesia
  4. Postural instability
  5. Gait freezing
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3
Q

Cushings

A

Plethoric moon face + thin extremities + muscle weakness

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4
Q

Cushings investigations

A

2 of
Overnight 1mg Dexamethasone suppression test
Late night salivary cortisol (2x)
24hr urinary free cortisol (2x)

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5
Q

Primary hyperaldosteronism

A 
Aka conns
Htn
Weakness from low k
High na
Cramps
Pokyuria and polydipsia
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6
Q

Investigation for conns

A 
Serum and urine aldosterone
Plasma renin low
Na high
K low
Alkalosis
Imaging of adrenals - mri or ct
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7
Q

Addison’s disease

A

Fatigue + a/n/v + abdominal pain (+/- skin discoloration)

Weight loaa

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8
Q

Investigation for addisons

A 
Elevated k
Low na
Short synacthen test is definitive
Morning serum cortisol level
Consider adrenal auto antibodies and ?calcification of adrenals
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9
Q

Phaeochromocytoma investigation

A

Series of 3x 24hr free catecholamines

Ct or mri abdomen

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10
Q

Vestibular neuritis

A

acute or subacute rotatory vertigo, nausea, NO hearing loss

if severe prednisone 1mg/kg up to 75mg PO mane for 5 days then taper over 15 days

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11
Q

Hypercalcemia

A

bones, moans, stones, abdominal groans

weakness + constipation + polyuria

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12
Q

hypocalcemia

A

cramps + confusion + tetany

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13
Q

Carcinoid symptoms & ix

A

facial flushing + diarrhea + valvular heart disease

serum chromograna A + urine 5HA, hepatic USS

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14
Q

Reactive arthritis

A

urethritis + conjuncitivits +/- iritis + arthritis

from Chalmydia, or enteric such as Salmonella

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15
Q

Lichen planus

A 
4 Ps
papule
purple
polygonal
pruritic
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16
Q

Pagets disease

A

raised ALP

xrays, bone scan is sensitive but not specific

17
Q

acute lymphoblastic leukemia ALL

A

malaise, pallor, bone pain

18
Q

AML acute myeloid leukemia

A

malaise, pallor, oral problems

19
Q

chronic myeloid leukemia CML

A

fatigue + fever/night sweats + abdominal fullness (splenomegaly)

20
Q

chronic lymphocytic leukemia CLL

A

fatigue + weight loss + fever/night sweats + lymphadenoaathy

21
Q

Typhoid

A

‘stepladder’ fever + abdo pain + relative bradycardia

22
Q

Mesenteric artery occlusion

A

anxiety & prostration + intense central pain + profuse vomiting +/- bloody diarrhea

23
Q

Cystic fibrosis

A

failure to thrive + chronic cough + loose bowel actions

24
Q

Multiple myeloma

A

weakness + back pain + susceptibility to infection

25
Q

Complex regional pain syndrome diagnsotic criteria

A
  1. continuing pain disproportionate to any inciting event
  2. at least one symptoms of:
    - sensory
    - - vasomotor
    - suodomotor/oiedema
    - motor/trophic changes
  3. displace sign of (one of the above categories)
  4. no other diagnoses better explains S/S
26
Q

muscular dystrophy

A

duchenne muscular dystrophy = male child + abnormal gait + bulky calves

27
Q

symptoms characteristic of restless legs syndrome

A

URGE = Urge to move, Rest induces symptoms, Gets better with activity, Evening and night time worsening

28
Q

Rheumatoid arthritis poor prognostic features

A 
RF+
anti-CCP +
>20 joints swollen at presentation
high disease activity at onset
elevated ESR
smoking
early functional impairment
early radiological bone erosions
exta-articular disease manifestations
long disease duration at presentation >3-6 months
earlier age at onset of symptoms
29
Q

management of CKD

A 
advanced care planning
aim BP <130.80
review eGFR every 1`-3 months
review ca/po/PTH 6-12 months
monitor FBC for anemia of CKD
low salt diet <6g/day
adequate protein intake
dietician
exercise
CVD risk, statin
stop denosumab
30
Q

COPD spirometry

A

FEV/FVC <0.7

FEV <80% predicted

31
Q

restriction on spirometry

A

FEV/FVC normal for age

FVC <80% predicted for age

32
Q

fetal alcohol syndrome

A

abnormal facies + growth retardation + microcephaly

33
Q

Depression DSM 5 criteria

A

A. 5 or more of the following symptoms present during the same 2 week period, represent a change from previous functioning, at least one of the symptoms os depressed mood or loss of interest
1. depressed mood most of the day, nearly every day
2. diminished interest or pleasure
3. weight loss or gain
4. insomnia or hypersomnia
5. psychomotor agitation or retardation
6. fatigue
7. worthlessness/guilt
8. reduced concentration
9. thoughts of death/suicidal ideation
B. cause clinically significant distress/impairment
C. not attributable to of substance/medical condition

34
Q

DSM Schizophrenia

A 
A. at least 2, for 1/12 - delsuion, hallucinations, disorganised speech, negative symptoms
B impaired function
C. disturbance >6/12
D. mood order excluded
E. not due to substance
F. not ASD/developmental

Gp Exam Study (5 decks)

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