Disease Management

Question 1

Annosum Root Disease

Answer 1

Non-Chemical
Selecting good planting site for Pines

Delayed thinning

Applying spores of biological control fungal agent to stump surfaces

Severing roots to break root graft transmission

Chemical
Sodium Tetraborate

Question 2

Dutch Elm Disease

Answer 2

Non-Chemical
Remove diseased trees

Sever root grafts between neighboring American Elms

Chemical
Remove diseased branches and inject fungicide

Question 3

Littleleaf disease

Answer 3

Non-Chemical
Soil needs adequate drainage. Decrease plant density.

Chemical
None

Question 4

Oak Decline

Answer 4

Non-Chemical
Thinning of diseased stand may help remaining trees recover from infection

Chemical
None

Question 5

Butternut Canker

Answer 5

Non-Chemical
Remove overhead shade.

Do not plant Black Walnut near Butternut

Chemical
None

Question 6

Fusiform Rust

Answer 6

Non-Chemical
Plant disease resistant pines (loblolly)

Remove seedlings with rust symptoms

Try to prevent warm moist conditions where fungus thrives

Remove stem-cankered trees before stem breakage

Prune galled branches

Chemical
Treat soil, seeds, and seedlings with fungicide

Question 7

Heart Rot

Answer 7

Non-Chemical
Avoid mechanical damage to trees

Increment borer can help determine extent of rot

Chemical
None

Question 8

Dogwood Anthracnose

Answer 8

Non-Chemical
Remove competing and shading hardwood trees around dogwoods.

Select sunny planting sites, moderate fertilization, watering during dry periods

Remove leaf litter to reduce fungus population

Select disease resistant flowering dogwood when possible

Fungicide
Apply fungicide in spring and during wet periods in summer

Question 9

Phytophthora Root Rot

Answer 9

Non-Chemical
Good soil drainage

Keep roots healthy, fertilize evenly. Allow ground cover to grow between trees to keep soil cool.

Remove seedlings with root rot

Chemical
Soil fumigants