Control of Pests Flashcards
Black Turpentine Beetles
Non-Chemical:
Improve health and vigor of trees. Remove damaged trees and harvest trees at maturity.
Salvage removal for large infestation.
Cut and leave for small infestation.
Pile and burn
Chemical Control:
For turpentine beetles, spray bottom 8-10 feet where beetles concentrate their attack.
Cut and spray: Drop and buck infected trees (if they cannot be removed or burned) and spray them with pesticide
Ips Beetles
Non-Chemical:
Improve health and vigor of trees. Remove damaged trees and harvest trees at maturity.
Salvage removal for large infestation.
Cut and leave for small infestation.
Pile and burn
Chemical Control:
For turpentine beetles, spray bottom 8-10 feet where beetles concentrate their attack.
Cut and spray: Drop and buck infected trees (if they cannot be removed or burned) and spray them with pesticide
Spray to wet the entire trunk of the tree from ground to upper crown. (only preventative)
Once tree is infected, there is little that can be done to save it
Southern Pine Beetle
Non-Chemical:
Improve health and vigor of trees. Remove damaged trees and harvest trees at maturity.
Salvage removal for large infestation.
Cut and leave for small infestation.
Pile and burn
Chemical Control:
For turpentine beetles, spray bottom 8-10 feet where beetles concentrate their attack.
Cut and spray: Drop and buck infected trees (if they cannot be removed or burned) and spray them with pesticide
Spray to wet the entire trunk of the tree from ground to upper crown. (only preventative)
Once tree is infected, there is little that can be done to save it
Nantucket Pine Tip Moth
Non-Chemical
Trap and monitor moth emergence to predict egg hatch and larval development.
Diversify tree plantings, avoid monoculture in orchards.
Chemical
Pesticides are last resort in cases of severe moth damage.
Use systemic pesticide in soil or leaves based on monitoring data.
Deodar Weevil
Non-Chemical
Monitor trees for damage (drill holes).
Destroy all dead or dying pines and fresh stumps before spring (eliminating breeding sites).
Maintain favorable growing conditions for trees
Chemical
Use nonsystemic insecticide.
Spray stumps in fall to kill adults. Spray stumps in spring to kill emerging adults
Pine Reproduction Weevils: Pales Weevil/Pitch eating Weevil
Non-Chemical
Remove old stumps and dead trees (eliminating breeding sites).
Leave whorl of live, pest free, branches on the stumps (makes stump unattractive to weevils)
Chemical
Drench stumps and surrounding soils with insecticide in April to mid-May.
Dip seedlings in contact insecticide root drip to control damage to new plantings.
White Pine Weevil
Non-Chemical
Determine extent of infestation by checking for pitch flow.
Prune and destroy infested tops in late june.
Remove old stands of white pine and norway spruce.
Plant mixed stands of white pine and other species (provides shade over pines and deters weevils).
Plant pines in soil where hardpan is at least 3 feet below surface.
Chemical
Treat terminal leader with insecticide before budding.
Drench susceptible trees with pesticide spray as adult weevils emerge.
Coneworms
Non-Chemical
Use pheromone traps to monitor insect populations.
Prune and destroy infested branches and stems.
Braconid wasps and tachinid flies are natural enemies of coneworms.
Chemical
Spray appropriately in high density seed orchards
Leaffooted Pine Beetle Bug
Non-Chemical
Thorough weed control.
Chemical
Nonsystemic insecticides can do some control in seed orchards, otherwise difficult to control chemically.
Gypsy Moth
Non-Chemical
Most effective.
Monitoring using pheromone traps (large area data collection).
Burlap banding (small area protection, time consuming).
Fall and winter egg mass surveys.
Plant variety of trees less susceptible to gypsy moths.
Remove undesirable trees to improve vigor of remaining stand.
Harvest to promote growth of stand.
Egg mass destruction.
Barriers to control crawling caterpillars.
Chemical
Apply foliar insecticide, aerial spraying
Fall Cankerworm
Non-Chemical
Monitor starting in early May.
Some natural enemies.
Chemical
Apply insecticide when larvae are feeding
Redheaded Pine Sawfly
Non-Chemical
Generally no control is needed, population will naturally crash.
Remove weeds and other competing vegetation.
Chemical
Both synthetic and biological insecticides are available
Balsam Woolly Adelgid
Non-Chemical
Thinning tree stands.
Fertilizing to improve soil quality.
Planting insect tolerant tree species.
Chemical
Spray bark and foliage to runoff with systemic insecticide.
Treat in June through October
Hemlock Woolly Adelgid
Non-Chemical
No known measures.
Chemical
Horticulture oils used at 1% from May through September and 2% from October through April.
Completely cover tree.
Aphids
Non-Chemical
Biocontrol using natural enemies, including: ladybird beetles, lacewings, damsel bugs, and parasitic wasps.
Chemical
Usually not cost effective except in Christmas tree stands.
