Disease Defences 6.3 Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
1
Q

What is the essential idea?

A

The human body has structures and processes that resist the continuous threat of invasion by pathogens

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What are the primary defences against a disease?

A

mucus and skin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

How are cuts in the skin sealed?

A

by blood clotting

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

From where are clotting factors released?

A

from platelets

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is the cascade?

A

the rapid conversion of fibrinogen -> fibrin by thrombin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is non-specific immunity?

A

Ingestion of pathogens by phagocytic white blood cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is specific immunity?

A

Production of antibodies by lymphocytes in response to particular pathogens

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What do antibiotics block?

A

processes that occur in prokaryotic cells but not in eukaryotic cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Why can’t viruses be treated with antibiotics?

A

because they don’t have a metabolism

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What did genes of bacteria evolve to?

A

resistant genes to antibiotics

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is Chemotaxis?

A

movement in response to chemicals

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Chemotaxis attracts phagocytes as a response to:

A
  • proteins produced by the pathogen
  • phospholipids released by damaged cells
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q
A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What are the steps to attack a pathogen?

A
  • phagocyte attaches the pathogen’s cell surface proteins and then engulfs it
  • a phagosome forms (the vesicle that contains the pathogen)
  • lysosomes deposit digestive enzymes into the phagosome
  • the enzymes break down the pathogen and waste products are expelled through exocytosis
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly