Disease and Immunity

Question 1

What are infectious diseases?

Answer 1

-Are caused by an agent or pathogen (organism that causes disease) that can be passed through organisms.
Think “infectious”
eg. viruses, coughing, sneezing

Question 2

What are non-infectious diseases?

Answer 2

• Aren’t caused by pathogens, therefore, can’t be spread from one person to another. Instead, caused by factors such as genetics, malnutrition, environment + lifestyle.
  eg. cancer + epilepsy

Question 3

What are the 5 main groups of pathogens?

Answer 3

Bacteria, viruses, prions, fungi + protists

Question 4

What are cellular pathogens?

Answer 4

Parasites and bacteria

Question 5

What are acellular pathogens?

Answer 5

Viruses and prions

Question 6

Describe pathogens

Answer 6

Every living thing/organism is affected by pathogens- including bacteria, which are targeted by specialized viruses called phages.

Question 7

Name a bacterial disease and its cause, symptoms, treatment, prevention and control

Answer 7

Tetanus- caused by Clostridium tetani
Muscle aching- particularly in neck and jaw (lockjaw)
Treat with antibiotics
Prevent with vaccine + cleaning wounds

Question 8

Name a viral disease and its cause, symptoms, treatment, prevention and control

Answer 8

Influenza- caused by influenza virus
Muscle aches, temperature, runny nose + aching
Treat by resting (can’t use antibiotics)
Prevent by washing hands, wearing masks, use hand sanitizer