Discourse Structure (spoken language) Flashcards

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1
Q

Turn taking

A

A conversation progresses by means of the speakers taking turn to speak. This can happen because of either verbal or non verbal cues as well as direct cues such as questions.

Important indicator of the relationship between the speakers (status and power)

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2
Q

Overlaps/interruptions

A

Overlaps can indicate co-operation and agreement or a challenging interruption to signal disagreement or wish to change the topic

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3
Q

Adjaceny pairs

A

Two-part exchange

Greetings: Hello, hi, how are you?
Questions: What's the time? - 3 o'clock
Summons and response 
Statement and agreement: terrible weather - you're right 
Apology and response
Invitation and response
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4
Q

Chaining of adjaceny pairs

A

A chain of adjaceny pairs for a conversation to proceed

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5
Q

Feedback (back channel behaviour)

A

Feedback given by a listener

Verbal feedback: yeah
Non-verbal feedback: nod or smile

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6
Q

Tag questions

A

A question added to a statement signalling a response is expected

……., don’t you?
……., isn’t it?

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7
Q

Hedges/hedging

A

Word or phrase chosen to soften the impact of a response

Maybe, possibly, perhaps, it depends

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8
Q

Agenda setting

A

Who determines the key topic or when the topic of conversation changes is setting the agenda.

Domination- may sign of power or control

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9
Q

Topic shifts

A

Changes of topic in the conversation

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10
Q

Topic loops

A

When the topic of conversation returns to an earlier point or topic

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11
Q

Discourse marker

A

A word or phrase that signals a change in topic

So, getting back to, anyway

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12
Q

Opening and closing clauses

A

Openings e.g. Exchange of greetings, phatic exchanges

Closings e.g. See you soon, goodbyes

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