Discontinuous and Continuous Variation Flashcards
What is the Hardy Weinberg equation?
p + q = 1
p^2 + 2pq + q^2 = 1
How can we test Hardy Weinberg?
Chi squared
What can Chi squared tell us?
Whether evolution is occuring or not
What are the Hardy Weinberg assumptions?
- Infinite population size
- Random mating
- No mutation
- No selection
- No population structure
What does Hardy Weinberg predict?
Null model, predicts genotype frequencies or allele frequencies
What are some explanations for the Hardy Weinberg assumptions?
Assure that random mating is happening and that all possible genotypes are predicted
What is the Wahlund Effect?
When you get fewer heterozygotes than expected (can happen in a subdivided population)
Describe continuous variation
Determined by measuring eg height and weight
Describe categorical vairation
Measured by counting eg number of offspring
What is dichotomous/threshold variation?
multiple genetic and environmental factors. present/absent.
What has a strong influence on quantitative genetics?
environment
what are quantitative genetics controlled by?
multiple loci
what can increase phenotypic resemblance?
shared environment
how can we tell how much of a phenotype is genetic?
- resemblance between relatives
- parent offspring regression
- sibling analysis
- twin studies
what is broad sense heritability?
proportion of phenotypic variation that is due to genetic variation
