Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Flashcards
A dangerous phenomenon, substance, human activity or condition that may cause loss of life, injury or other health impacts, property damage, loss of livelihoods and services, social and economic disruption or environmental damage.
Hazard
A serious disruption of the functioning of a community or a society involving widespread human, material, economic or environmental losses and impacts, which exceeds the ability of the affected community or society to cope using its own resources
Disaster
The chance that if we do something or fail to do something, there will be a negative outcome.
Risk
Likelihood or probability of a hazard striking a vulnerable community, causing injury, damage, and loss
Disaster Risk
People, property, systems, or other elements present in hazard zones that are thereby subject to potential losses
Exposure
The combination of all the strengths, attributes and resources available within a community, society or organization that can be used to achieve agreed goals
Capacity
→ Societal coping abilities
→ Effective social relationships, leadership and management; strong and good governance; institutions; organized communities
→ Wise use of resources
→ Robust infrastructure
→ Food security
→ Quality education; skills; knowledge
Capacity
The characteristics and circumstances of a community, system, or asset that make it susceptible to the damaging effects of a hazard
Vulnerability
Identification: When people cut down too many trees at a faster pace than nature can replace them
Vulnerability (It increases the vulnerability of many communities to rain which, when they fall on unprotected soil, cause mudslides, landslides, floods and avalanches.)
What is the Famous Equation of Disaster Risk
DR = H x E x V ÷ C [Disaster Risk = (Hazard x Exposure x Vulnerability) / Capacity]
Identification: permanent houses, ownership of land, adequate food and income sources, family and community support in times of crisis, local knowledge, good leadership
Capacity
Identification: When you are outside for too long in the winter and get sick
Exposure (Because of the location and self being exposed)
Identify what is a hazard:
1. Earthquake
2. Tsunami
3. Volcanic Eruption
4. Milk
5. All of the Above
- All of the above (milk can be a hazard to lactose intolerant biatches)
the discipline that involves preparing, warning, supporting and rebuilding societies when natural or manmade disasters occur.
Disaster Management
It is a continuous process in an effort to avoid or minimize the impact of disasters resulting from hazards.
Disaster Management
Effective disaster management relies on thorough integration of (_______________) of government and NGO involvement
emergency plans at all levels
Enumerate: Goals of Disaster Management
→ Avoid or reduce the potential losses from hazards
→ Assure prompt and appropriate assistance to victims of disaster
→ Achieve rapid and effective recovery
Illustrates the ongoing process by which the government and the private sector plan for and reduce the impact of disasters, react during and immediately following a disaster, and take steps to recover after a disaster has occurred.
Disaster Management Cycle
Appropriate actions at all points in the cycle leads to greater ___, ___, ___, or the prevention of disasters during the next iteration of the cycle.
preparedness, better warnings, reduced vulnerability
The complete disaster management cycle includes the ______________ that either modify causes of disasters or mitigate their effects on people, property, and infrastructure.
shaping of public policies and plans
Includes actions taken to save lives, prevent property damage and preserve the environment during emergencies or disasters.
Response
It is the implementation of action plans.
Response
Includes actions that assist a community to return to a sense of normalcy after a disaster.
Recovery
Any activity that reduces either the chance of a hazard taking place or a hazard turning into disaster.
Mitigation
hatdog
haloblacks
It includes building codes; zoning and land use management; regulations and safety codes; preventive health care; and public education.
Mitigation
Anticipatory measures and actions that seek to avoid future risks as a result of a disaster.
Risk Reduction
Avoiding a disaster at the eleventh hour
Prevention
Includes activities which actually eliminate or reduce the probability of disaster occurrence, or reduce the effects of unavoidable disasters.
Prevention
Plans made to save lives or property, and help the response and rescue service operations.
Preparedness
This phase covers implementation/operation, early warning systems and capacity building so the population will react appropriately when an early warning is issued
Preparedness
The concept and practice of reducing disaster risks
through systematic efforts to analyze and manage the causal factors of disasters, including through reduced exposure to hazards, lessened vulnerability of people and property, wise management of land and the environment, and improved preparedness for adverse events
Disaster Risk Reduction
The systematic process of using administrative directives, organizations, and operational skills and capacities to implement strategies, policies, and improved coping capacities in order to lessen the adverse impacts of hazards and the possibility of disaster
Disaster Risk Management
the systematic approach and practice of managing uncertainty to minimize potential harm and loss. It comprises risk assessment and analysis, and the implementation of strategies and specific actions to control, reduce and transfer risks (RA 10121)
Risk Management
The provision of emergency services and public assistance during or immediately after a disaster in order to save lives, reduce health impacts, ensure public safety and meet the basic subsistence needs of the people affected. Disaster response is predominantly focused on immediate and short-term needs.
Disaster Response
Department of The Government responsible for Prevention and Mitigation
DOST
Department of The Government responsible for preparedness
Education Sector
Department of The Government responsible for disaster response
Barangay Institutions
DSWD
Department of The Government responsible for rehabilitation
All Agencies
The ability of a system, community or society
exposed to hazards to resist, absorb, accommodate to and recover from the effects of a hazard in a timely and efficient manner, including through the preservation and restoration of its essential basic structures and functions
Resilience
Intermediate outcomes because of Resilience
Food security
Water sufficiency
Ecological and environmental stability
Human security
Climate-smart industries and services
Sustainable energy
Knowledge and capacity development
Ultimate outcomes because of Resilience
- Enhanced adaptivity of communities
- Resilience of natural ecosystems
- Sustainability of built environment to climate change
- A successful transition towards climate-smart development
Date of the approval of RA 10121: DRRM Act of 2010
May 27, 2010
What is the old framework for disaster response
Presidential Decree 1566
Transforms the Philippines’ disaster management system from disaster relief and response towards disaster risk reduction (DRR)
RA 10121: DRRM Act of 2010
Framework for Action
– Governance
– Risk assessments and EWS
– Knowledge management
– Vulnerability reduction
– Disaster preparedness
Identify what Framework:
- Top-down and centralized disaster management
- Disasters are merely a function of physical hazards
- Focuses on disaster response and anticipation
Old Framework
Identify what Framework
- Top-down and centralized disaster management
- Disasters are merely a function of physical hazards
- Focuses on disaster response and anticipation
Old Framework
Identify what Framework
- Bottom up and participatory disaster risk reduction
- Disasters are reflected in people’s vulnerability
- Integrates an approach to genuine social and human development to reduce disaster risks
New Framework
Identify what sector:
National DRRMC
Overseeing Sector
Identify what sector:
National DRRMC
Overseeing Sector
Identify what sector:
Office of Civil Defense
Implementing Sector
Identify what sector:
Regional Office of civil Defense
Implementing sector
Identify what sector:
Regional DRRMC
Overseeing Sector
Identify what are the sectors:
- Provincial DRRMC
- Provincial DRRMO
- City/Municipal DRRMC
- Barangay Development Council
- City/ Municipal DRRMO
- Barangay DRRM Committee
- Overseeing Sector
- Implementing Sector
- Overseeing Sector
- Overseeing Sector
- Implementing Sector
- Implementing Sector
Identify what structure is given:
National DCC and OCD (Secretariat)
Regional DCC
Provincial DCC
City/Municipal DCC
Barangay DCC
Presidential Decree 1566
- The LDRRMO shall conduct public awareness programs and activities
- Public sector employees are required to undergo training in emergency response and preparedness
- LDRRM Fund can be utilized for pre-disaster preparedness programs such as training, purchasing life-saving rescue equipment, stockpiling of food and medicine
Disaster Preparedness
If a state of calamity is declared?
response can be coordinated, remedial measures can be taken, and the Quick Response Fund can be used to provide assistance to those affected
Except the President can declare a state of calamity, but in a locality who also can declare?
Local Sanggunian
mandatory courses of action which shall immediately be undertaken during the declaration of a state of calamity (Sec. 17)
Remedial measures
Imposition of a _____ on basic necessities and prime commodities
Price Ceiling
___________ of prime commodities, medicines and petroleum products
Prevention of overpricing/profiteering and hoarding
_______________________ for the repair and upgrading of public infrastructure
Programming/reprogramming of funds
____________________________ financing institutions to the most affected population
Granting of no-interest loans by the government
- Rapid population growth
- Concentration of populations in high-risk areas (floodplains, landslide-prone slopes, and seismic zones)
- Capital development; destruction of the environment by real estate developers
- Man-made destruction (e.g. deforestation, soil erosion, marine pollution, etc.)
- Growing poverty—more lives in substandard housing
Reasons for a disaster
Enumerate: Categories of Severity
Accident - least severe
Disaster
Emergency
Catastrophe - most severe
- Must be clear and in simple language
- Should have consistent content
- Must be convincing
- Should have clear precautions and action plans
- Must have information on technical consequences
- Must be repetitive
Criteria for Early Warning Systems
