DISASTER RISK REDUCTION Flashcards
- Act strengthening the Philippine DRRM.
- providing for the National DRRM framework
and institutionalizing the National DRRM
RA 10121 – The Philippine Disaster Risk
Reduction and Management Act of 2010
Focuses on Proactive approach to DRRRM
RA 10121
law approved where
* President: Macapagal Arroyo
* On May 27, 2010
RA 10121
The POTENTIAL disaster losses in lives,
health status, livelihood, assets and
services which could occur to a particular
community or a society
Disaster Risk
A SERIOUS DISRUPTION of normal functioning of a
community or a society involving widespread
human, material, environmental or economic
loss or impact, which exceeds the ability of
the affected community.
Disaster
Geographic location of the Philippines
part of pacific ring of
fire resulting to almost 5-7 earthquakes
what are the ELEMENTS OF A DISASTER
Hazard, Exposure, Vulnerability
dangerous phenomenon or
substance, human activity or
condition that may cause
loss of life, injury or other
health impacts, property
damage, loss of livelihood
and services, social and
economic disruption.
Hazard
the degree to which the
elements at risk are likely to
experience hazard events of
different magnitudes
Exposure
The characteristics and
circumstances of a
community, system or asset
that make it susceptible to
damaging effects of hazard.
Vulnerability
Types of Disaster
Natural, Man-made
effect of a
natural hazard
Cannot
determine when
it will happen.
Natural
is a disaster
resulting from
human intent,
negligence or
error. The
results are
usually wide
scale
destruction, and
high cost.
Man-made
The active principle of burning characterized by the
heat and light of combustion. What RA?
RA 6514 National Building Code of the Philippines
Composed of 3:
1. Air - oxygen to sustain combustion
2. Heat - reach ignition temperature
3. Fuel - combustion material
Fire Tetrahedron
Safety is based upon the principle of keeping ________ and ________separate
fuel sources, ignition
Wood, paper, cloth, trash,
plastics– solids that are not
metals, what fuel classification are these?
Class A Fuel Classification
what fuel classification are these? flammable gasses liquids,
gasoline, oil, grease acetone
Class B
what fuel classification are these? electrical energized
electrical equipment
Class C
metal - potassium, sodium,
aluminum, magnesium,
requires specific extinguishing agents, what fuel classification are these?
Class D
fire extinguishers
about 2 feet tall
and 25 pounds
when full. Ordinary
tap water, and
pressurized air
(large squirt guns)
air pressured-water
Pressure of it is
greater, bits of dry ice
may shoot out of the
horn.
5 pounds to 100
pounds
Larger sizes, the horn
will be at end of a long
flexible hose (like
trumpet)
CARBON DIOXIDE (CO2)
National Fire Protection Association
regulation, all CO2 extinguishers must undergo
hydrostatic testing and recharge every?
5 years
-On campus they
range in size from 5
to 20 pounds
Filled with fine
yellow powder
-Composed of
monoammonium
phosphate
-Pressurized with
nitrogen.
Powder also works
to interrupt the
chemical reaction of
fire
ABC
commercial
kitchens and areas
with flammable
liquids
BC extinguishers
BC classification what extinguisher must be used?
DRY CHEMICAL/BC extinguishers
Pull the pin – allow to discharge the extinguisher. NOTE:
don’t lift the handle.
Aim at the base of the fire/flame/fuel
Squeeze the top handle – depresses a button that
releases the pressurized extinguishing agent.
Sweep from side to side – use the extinguisher from a
safe distance away, the slowly move forward.
How to use a fire extinguisher
Do not fight the fire if?
- You don’t have an adequate or
appropriate equipment - You might inhale toxic smoke
- Your instincts tell you not to - let the
fire department do the job.
- Know what is burning.
- If you don’t know let the fire
department handle it. - If fire is spreading beyond point it
started, pull the fire alarm and
evacuate the building - As you evacuate the building, close
doors and windows behind you as you
leave, help slow the spread of smoke
and fire.
Keep these things in mind:
Rules for Fighting Fires
Always be certain that you will not endanger yourself
or other when attempting to put out a fire.
* Assist any person in immediate danger to
safety
* Call 911
* If fire is small, you may attempt to use an
extinguisher to put is out.
HOW TO FIGHT FIRES? (SAFETY ACRONYM)
Sound the alarm
Activate the fire brigade
Fight the fire
Evacuate immediately
Tell others - the people near the area
of fire
You get clear - from any fire truck or
rescuer
What to do when you catch fire?
stop, drop, and roll
What is the final rule in fighting fires?
to always position yourself with an exit
or means of escape at your back before you attempt
to use an extinguisher to get out a fire and Report any use of a fire extinguisher to EHS as soon
as possible.
A weak to violent shaking of the ground produced by
the sudden movement of rock materials below the
earth’s surface
Earthquake
many volcanic arcs and belts and plate movements. What Geographic Location is the Philippines?
Pacific Ring of Fire
What are the types of Earthquakes?
- Natural -tectonic
- Artificial - manmade nuclear bomb
How do we Measure The Strength of an Earthquake?
Magnitude, and Intensity
a measure of total energy
released at the earthquake’s point of origin
Magnitude
Strength of an earthquake based on
relative effect to people and structure,
generally higher near the epicenter (felt by the people)
Intensity
He developed a magnitude scale for studying earthquakes
Charlse Richter
It usually represented by roman numerals.
Intensity
- Ground rupture
- Liquefaction
where do these 2 belong?
Hazards Associated with Earthquake
- Explain what to expect in a big magnitude
earthquake - Acquaint everyone with safe spot to identify
- Danger zone (know where)
Earthquake Preparedness General Guidelines
not recognized rather a theory to do
when there’s an earthquake.
Triangle of Life
A. Be familiar with dangerous spots
B. Be careful with things which may harm
people during earthquake
C. Identify safety indoors and outdoors
D. Prepare stock of emergency supplies, a tock
of food water, medicines flashlight and
batteries
E. Make an evacuation and reunion plan,
separation of everyone is possible, reuniting
plan (meeting halfway)
F. Have a 72-hour survival kit
Before earthquake Happens: (what to do)
What consists a 72-hour survival kit?
Emergency cash, personal hygiene kit, first
aid kit, water, ready to eat food, signaling
device, communication devices, flashlights,
important documents, clothing
Generated by a large-scale vertical
displacement of the ocean floor. From earthquake, volcanic eruption, meteor
impacts
TSUNAMI
What are signs of a Tsunami
- Feel an earthquake
- Sudden sea water retreat then rises
- Rumbling sound of an approaching wave
Types of Tsunamis
Local
Far-field
source is trench or fault is Philippine’s
region 4-20 minutes
Local Tsunami
trench or fault outside the
Philippine region, international centers
Far-field Tsunami
A Tropical Cyclone of 61 kph or less
Tropical Depression
A Tropical Cyclone of 62 – 88 kph
Tropical Storm
A Tropical Cyclone of 89 -117 kph
Severe Tropic Storm
A Tropical Cyclone of 118 – 220 kph
Typhoon
A Tropical Cyclone of 220 kph and above
Super Typhoon
