Disablement, Quality of Life

Question 1

Howard Leventhal created the Self- Regulation Model of Illness. What are its 2 stages?

Answer 1

Stage 1 – Interpretation; Symptom perception, social messages
Stage 2 – Coping

Question 2

How many people are disabled in the US?

Answer 2

54.4 million

Question 3

What was the medical model of disability?

Answer 3

Disability is an attribute
Caused by a disease, trauma, or health condition.
Requires intervention to fix the problem.

Question 4

What is the Bio-Psychosocial model of disability?

Answer 4

Disability is a consequence of biological, personal, and social forces.

Question 5

Define Disablement

Answer 5

the various impacts of CHRONIC AND ACUTE conditions on the FUNCTIONING of specific body systems, on basic human performance, and on a people’s functioning in necessary , usual, expected, and personally desired roles in society.

Question 6

What is Nagi’s disablement model?

Answer 6

a framework that differentiates among four distinct, but related, phenomena basic to rehabilitation.

Question 7

What does the disablement model do?

Answer 7

Delineates consequences of disease and injury both at the level of the person and at the level of society.

Provides the conceptual basis of all elements of patient mgt that are provided by PTs.

Question 8

Functioning, disability and health (ICF)
What are the 3 broad components?
What does it also incorporate as a new component?

Answer 8

Body functions & structure.
Activities and participation,
Severity and environmental factors.
Now incorporates social factors.

Question 9

Define Health Condition according to the WHO

Answer 9

Umbrella term for disease, disorder, injury or trauma and may also include other circumstances. (stress, aging, congenital anomaly, genetic predisposition)

Question 10

Define Impairments according to the WHO

Answer 10

Problems in the body function or structure, such as a significant deviation or loss.

Question 11

What are personal contextual factors according to WHO?

Answer 11

Particular background of an individual’s life (including demographics; coping styles; profession; experience; behavior patterns; character and other factors that influence how disability is experienced.

Question 12

What are environmental contextual factors according to WHO?

Answer 12

The physical, social, and attidudinal environment in which people live and conduct their lives, including social attitudes, architectural characteristics; legal and social structures.

Question 13

Define Participation and Participation restriction

Answer 13

Participation: Involvement in a life situation w/ family, work, school.

Participation restriction: Problems an individual may experience in involvement in life situations. Limits involvement.

Question 14

Define Activity and Activity Limitation

Answer 14

Activity: The execution of a task or action by an individual. (Could play guitar)

Activity Limitation: Difficulties an individual may have in executing activities. (No longer can play guitar)

Question 15

What are the two types of activity limitations?

Answer 15

Activites of Daily Living (ADL)

Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (IADL)

Question 16

What are the 3 components of Developmental Disabilities?

Answer 16

Severe, chronic–originating at birth or during childhood.
Expected to continue indefinitely.
Substantially restricts functioning in 3 or more areas of major life activity.

Question 17

What are the 7 areas of major life activities?

Answer 17

Self-care
Receptive or expressive language
Learning disability
Mobility
Self-direction
Capacity for independent living
Economic self-sufficiency

Question 18

Describe how sudden onset disabilities affect individuals

Answer 18

Disrupts virtually every aspect of a person’s life and future.
Acceptance and adjustment vary depending on any factors.
Impact of responses of significant others can effect reaction to disability.

Question 19

What are the 3 parts of Quality of Life?

Answer 19

It is a subjective concept based on how we view the world and ourselves in it.
Is closely related to one’s own perception of health-either good or bad.
Health care providers can help provide a change in the patient’s perspective

(watch for mixed messages “Love you in spite of your disability.”)