Disability

Question 1

What does disability mean in context of an A-E

Answer 1

Conscious level of the patient and factors affecting this conscious

Question 2

What can affect Conciousness level

Answer 2

• Medication(analgesia/sedatives)
• Blood Sugar
• Injury
• Illness

Question 3

How do you assess disability

Answer 3

• AVPU
• GCS
• measurement of blood sugar
• Reviewing medication given to see if it has impact on their conciousness

Question 4

AVPU

Answer 4

Alert-person is aware of what is happening around them(eyes opened)
Voice- If they can respond to a verbal stimulus
Pain - If they feel pain to certain stimuli
Unresponsive- person doesnt respond to any stimuli

any scores below A is considered abnormal unless proven otherwise

Question 5

What is the GCS

Answer 5

Glasgow Coma Scale
Used to assess neurological observations (lvs of consciousness).
A person must be woken up for this observation
Maximum score for GCS is 15

Question 6

What is assessed in the GCS

Answer 6

• Eyes
• Verbal
• motor

Question 7

GCS

Eyes

Answer 7

E4- spontaneous opening
E3-open only to voice
E2- open to pain
E1- Eyes do not open with any stimuli
C- eyes closed (swelling/bandage)

Max score for this is 4 and is achieved if the eyes open spontaneously

Question 8

GCS

Verbal

Answer 8

V5-Orientated , babbles, coos, words/ sentences to their usual ability
V4- Confused Less than usual ability, Irritable cry
V3- Inappropraite words, cries to pain
V1- no response to pain
T- Intubated

Max score 5 and is acheived if babbles, coos, words/ sentences to their usual ability

Question 9

GCS

MOtor

Answer 9

M6- Obeys commands, normal movement
M5-localises to pain or withdraws to touch
M4- withdraws from pain
M3- Flexion to pain
M2- Extension to pain
M1-No response to pain

MAx score is 6 and acheoved if child shows M6

Question 10

How can You induce pain

Answer 10

• Squeezing trapezius muscle
• Applying pressure to the supra Orbital Groove

Question 11

What other Disability factors need to be taken into account

Answer 11

Pupils

Limb Power

Question 12

Pupil

Answer 12

Two parts:,
1) Size- Use a gauge to record size of pupils (very subjective)
2) Reaction- use torch and shine a light direvtly into the eyes one at a time. both pupils should react when light is shone.

Reaction will be termed:
Brisk- Normal response
Sluggish- Respond to light but slowly
No reaction

PEARL - Pupils equal and reactive to light

Question 13

Limb Power

Answer 13

Young children- Kick a ball, play catch
Older/ young people- Give command such as push or pull

Imporatnt to assess all four limbs

Question 14

Normal range for blood suagr Levels

Answer 14

4-7 mmols

Any results outiside this range should be escalated