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209 Clin Path > Dis c&F 1 > Flashcards

Dis c&F 1 Flashcards

1
Q

What are the five reasons musculoskeletal diseases occur? 

A

Trauma, degenerative disease, inflammation, poor confirmation, neoplasia 

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2
Q

A dog was hit by a car and has the clinical signs of history of trauma, lameness, localized, swelling, or bruising. What disease does it have? 

A

Long bone fracture 

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3
Q

What are the three l classifications of long bone fractures? (Vs) 

  1. Open vs closed
    2.
    3.
A
  1. Simple vs comminuted
  2. stable versus unstable
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4
Q

In long bone fractures, which is worse open or closed 

A

Open

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5
Q

In long bone fractures, what is a quick desc of
simple vs comminuted 

A

Simple= straight 

comminuted= frag

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6
Q

In which LB fx would you find a green stick fracture? 

A

Stable

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7
Q

List four out of eight clinical signs of long bone fractures 

A

Deformity of the bone, loss of function, crepitus, localized, swelling, or bruising 

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8
Q

Define crepitus
A. Tissue debridement. 
B. Cracking, popping sound. 

A

B. Cracking, popping sound.

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9
Q

How would a Doc diagnose a long bone fracture? 

A

X-rays 

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10
Q

What are the two ways to treat long bone fractures?

A. Splint. 
B. Compression and fixation. 
C. Reduction and fixation. 

A

C. Reduction and fixation.

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11
Q

What is three out of five methods of fixation for
LB fx

A

Splints, casts, bone plates, intramedullary pins 

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12
Q

What is the healing time for LB fx

A. 5 w
B. 4 weeks
C. B & A
D. None 

A

None
5 to 8 weeks 

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13
Q

What is the most common stifle injury in the dog? 

A

Cruciate ligament injury

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14
Q

What type of dog breed would CCL be found in
A. Medium
B. Small
C. Big

A

C. Big

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15
Q

Define CCL

A

Sudden hyperextension of the stifle while exercising 

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16
Q

Who is the most likely candidate of CCL
A. Old age, obese, inactive animals. 
B. Middle-age, obese, inactive animals. 

A

B. Middle-age, obese, inactive animals.

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17
Q

%_____ of CCL injury also result in meniscal injury 

A

50%

18
Q

T/ F
CCL is frequent injury in cats as well 

A

False

19
Q

What is the major cause of DJD

A. Hip dysplasia. 
B. Patellar luxation 
C . CCL

A

C . CCL

20
Q

A dog comes in with nonweightbearing, limping and internal rotation of the tibia When weight-bearing is attempted

what type of injury does this dog have?

A. Lux patella. 
B. Ccl
C. Osteochondrosis 

A

B. Ccl

21
Q

What are the three ways a doctor can diagnose CCL injuries

A

Radiographs, tibial compression, test, cranial drawer, movement 

22
Q

Match
1. Tibial compression test.
2.  cranial drawer, movement.

A. Tibia abnormally slides forward with respect to the fem condyles

B.
Tibia move forward with respect to the femur when the hock is flexed 

A

Tibial compression test.= B.
Tibia move forward with respect to the femur when the hock is flexed

  1. cranial drawer, movement.

A. Tibia abnormally slides forward with respect to the fem condyles

23
Q

How to treat a CCL injury 

A

Surgical stabilization

24
Q

Extra-articular vs intra-articular list, which can be done on small dogs versus large dogs 

A

ex - small animals
Intra- large 

25
Q

Patellar luxation is common in which type of breed
A. Obese cats. 
B. Small cats.
C. Smaller breeds.
D. Large dogs


A

C. Smaller breeds.

26
Q

What two forms does patellar luxation come in 

A

Medial and lateral

27
Q

Match for medial and lateral
1. Large and giant breed dogs, affected by hip dysplasia, usually bilateral, foot twist laterally when bearing weight. 

  1. Occurs early in life, congenital, medial, bowing of the proximal tibia. 
A
  1. Lat
  2. Medial
28
Q

How would you see the highlands positioned in a dog that has patellar luxation?

A

Cow hocked ( lower legs, point outwards ) 

29
Q

Cow hocked appearance is seen in medial or lateral patellar luxation

A

Cow hocked is seen in lateral patellar luxation

30
Q

What are the three ways to diagnose patellar luxation?

A

X-rays, , grading system by DVM, palpation 

31
Q

Grades of MPL patellar luxation has how many
1,2,3,4,5?

A

4

32
Q

How would a doctor treat patellar luxation?

A

Sx

33
Q

What are the two types of surgeries for the treatment of patellar luxation?

A. Soft tissue and bone reconstruction.
B. Deep tissue and bone graft 

A

A. Soft tissue and bone reconstruction.

34
Q

Hip dysplasia is seen in which type of breed
A. Large cats.
B. Obese, large dogs.
C. Large dogs.

A

C. Large dogs.

35
Q

T/ F
Hip dysplasia is really seen in patients less than 11 to 12 kg 

A

True

36
Q

List three contributing factors of hip dysplasia

A

Genetic predisposition,

environmental and dietary factors

disparity between muscle mass and developing skeletal system 

37
Q

What are the three forms of hip dysplasia?

A. Acetabular, condral, osteophylte.

B. acetabular , femoral , osteophyte formation. 

A

B. acetabular , femoral , osteophyte formation.

38
Q

How would a doctor diagnose hip dysplasia?

A

X-rays

39
Q

What are the two forms of treatment for hip dysplasia?

A. Surgical and nonconservative.
B. Conservative and surgical.

A

B. Conservative and surgical.

40
Q

Triple pelvic ostomy, total hip replacement,
Osteoechtomy

Are examples of what 

A

Surgeries

41
Q

OCD stands for

A. Osteochondrosis disease 
B. Osteochondrosis dissecans 
C.  Osteoclast disease. 

A

B. Osteochondrosis dissecans

42
Q

OCD is
A. Common disease that causes intermittent lameness 

B. Degeneration or aseptic necrosis of bone and cartilage.

A

B. Degeneration or aseptic necrosis of bone and cartilage.

209 Clin Path (3 decks)

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