Dis. 11

Question 1

Infections like …….. ,………. Can cause IUGR

Answer 1

Rubella , Cytomegalovirus .

Question 2

Decrease level of amniotic fluid

Answer 2

Oligohydramine

Question 3

The common definition of intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) (also known as

Answer 3

fetal growth restriction

Question 4

is a fetus with estimated fetal weight (EFW) <5−10th percentile for gestational age. This assumes the fetus is not growing to its genetic potential.

Answer 4

IUGR

Question 5

Clearly, neonatal morbidity and mortality are affected by………

Answer 5

lowering birth weight.

Question 6

Fetal Causes of IUGR ( symmetrical)

Answer 6

aneuploidy (e.g., T21, T18, T13)
infection (e.g., TORCH)
structural anomalies (e.g., congenital heart disease, neural tube defects, ventral wall defects).

Question 7

Placental Causes of IUGR ( asymmetrical )

Answer 7

infarction
abruption
twin-twin transfusion syndrome (TTTS)
velamentous cord insertion.

Question 8

Maternal Causes of IUGR ( asymmetrical)

Answer 8

hypertension (e.g., chronic, preeclampsia)
small vessel MY disease (e.g., SLE, long-standing type 1 diabetes)
malnutrition
tobacco ,alcohol, street drugs.

Question 9

Symmetrical IUGR

Answer 9

All ultrasound parameters (HC, BPD, AC, FL) are smaller than expMeEcDteIdU.

Question 10

Workup of symmetrical IUGR

Answer 10

detailed sonogram, karyotype, and screen for fetal infections.

Question 11

Antepartum tests are usually normal in

Answer 11

Symmetrical IUGR

Question 12

Antepartum tests are usually normal in

Answer 12

Symmetrical IUGR

Question 13

Ultrasound parameters show head sparing, but abdomen is small

Answer 13

Asymmetrical IUGR

Question 14

Etiology of IUGR is

Answer 14

decreased placental perfusion due to chronic maternal diseases (hyperten-
sion, diabetes, SLE, cardiovascular disease) or abnormal placentation (abruption and infarction).

Question 15

Amniotic fluid index is often decreased, especially if uteroplacental insufficiency
is severe. In ……

Answer 15

Asymmetrical IUGR

Question 16

Monitoring of asymmetrical IUGR is

Answer 16

serial sonograms, non-stress test, amniotic fluid index, biophysical profile, and umbilical artery Dopplers.

Question 17

Risk Factors of macrosomia include :

Answer 17

Gestational diabetes mellitus, overt diabetes, prolonged gestation, increase in BMI (obesity), increase in pregnancy weight gain, multiparity, male fetus.

Question 18

No accurate ways of predicting or prevention are currently available for macrosomia . T/F

Answer 18

T

Question 19

Maternal Hazards of macrosomia include

Answer 19

Operative vaginal delivery, perineal lacerations, postpartum hemorrhage (uterine atony), emergency cesarean section, pelvic floor injury.

Question 20

Neonatal Hazards. Of macrosomia

Answer 20

Neonatal intensive care admission, hypoglycemia, Erb’s palsy