Ch 3

Question 1

Early first-trimester ultrasound utilizes a

Answer 1

CRL ( crow and rump length )

Question 2

producing high-resolution images that are not influenced by maternal BMI.

Answer 2

Transvaginal sonogram

Question 3

is used to assess umbilical artery (UA) and middle cerebral artery (MCA) blood flow.

Answer 3

Doppler flow

Question 4

There are many reasons to use obstetrical ultrasound :

Answer 4

• Pregnancy location & viability, gestational age dating
• Multiple gestation (zygosity, chorionicity, amnionicity)
• Amniotic fluid volume (oligohydramnios, polyhydramnios)
• Fetal growth (IUGR, macrosomia)
• Fetal anomalies, fetal well-being
• Pregnancy bleeding, fetal anemia

Question 5

Genetic sonogram, ideally performed at

Answer 5

18–20 weeks

Question 6

Genetic sonogram, ideally performed at

Answer 6

18–20 weeks

Question 7

(fluid at the back of the baby’s neck)

Answer 7

nuchal translucency

Question 8

bright appearance of the bowl of fetus

Answer 8

Echogenic bowel

Question 9

Pyelectasis

Answer 9

(mild kidney dilation) in baby

Question 10

is a screening test performed with sonogram between 10–14 weeks, measuring the fetal fluid collection behind the neck

Answer 10

Nuchal translucency (NT) measurement

Question 11

Nuchal translucency (NT) measurement

Answer 11

is a screening test performed with sonogram MEDIUM YIELD
between 10–14 weeks, measuring the fetal fluid collection behind the neck.

Question 12

PAPP- A test

Answer 12

Pregnancy Associated Plasma Protein- A

Question 13

لما ندمج فحصين مع بعض يزيدوا كفاءة اكتشاف أي مشاكل بالقلب أو aneuploidy عند الجنين. :

Answer 13

Nuchal translucency + ( free BhCG & PAPP- A )

Question 14

Placenta precursor

Answer 14

Chorionic villi

Question 15

Pregnancy loss rate is 1–2%. In :

Answer 15

Percutaneous Umbilical Blood Sample (PUBS)

Question 16

The test measures small fragments of fetal/placental DNA in maternal blood to deter- mine the risk of fetal aneuploidy.

Answer 16

Cell free DNA

Question 17

Specific genetic sonogram is used for

Answer 17

nuchal skin fold thickness (strongest predictor),
short long bones,
pyelectasis,
echogenic intracardiac focus,
hyperechoic bowel.

Question 18

A thickened NT increases the likelihood of

Answer 18

aneuploidy and cardiac disease

Question 19

Pregnancy loss rate of CVS is

Answer 19

0.7%.