Direkte en Indirekte Rede

Question 1

For an ordinary sentence like:

Mary se: “X”

What word do you add, what group is it and what is the rule of that group?

Answer 1

STEP 1: Drop the quotation marks
STEP 2: Add ‘dat’
Group 3
STEP 3: Verb to the end (unless it is acting as a helping verb - kan, sal, moet, gaan, mag)

Question 2

If a person asks a question and the first word is not a question word, for example:

Mary vra: “Kan jy die polisie bel?”

What word do you add, what group is it in and what is the rule of the group?

Answer 2

STEP 1: Drop the quotation marks
STEP 2: Add ‘of’
Group 3
STEP 3: Verb to the end (unless it is acting as a helping verb in which case it will go before the final verb - kan, sal, moet, gaan, mag)

Question 3

If a person asks a question and the first word is a question word, for example:

Mary vra: “Hoe laat is dit?”

What word do you add, what group is it in and what is the rule of the group?

Answer 3

STEP 1: Drop the quotation marks
STEP 2: Don’t add anything
Question word is the conjunction
All question words are group 3
STEP 2: Verb to the end

Question 4

What happens to pronouns in direkte en indirekte rede?

Answer 4

In direct and indirect speech, we HAVE TO IDENTIFY THE PRONOUNS and change them appropriately in order for the sentence to make sense. There may be more than one we have to change

Think about it in English and then change it to the appropriate pronoun. For example: Mary said “I don’t love you” - if we were changing this to direct, we would have to change “I” to “she” and “you” to “him” because we are a third party reporting what she is saying

Question 5

Change the following pronouns appropriately (each one might have more than one option because of 2 genders)

Ek (I)
Jy (You)
Jou (Your)
Julle (You plural)
Ons (We)
Hulle (doesn't change)

Answer 5

Ek - hy/sy (I changes to he or she depending on gender of subject)
Jy- hy/sy or hom/haar (depends on context)
Jou - sy (for male), haar (female)
Julle - Hulle
Ons - Hulle

Question 6

If the sentence is a command, using the word “beveel” which means “commanded/ordered”, for example:

Die onderwyser beveel: “Kinders, doen julle huiswerk!”

What would you do to change it into indirect speech?

Answer 6

Theres more than one way but I believe this is the easiest:

STEP 1: Add dat
STEP 2: Since dat is group 3, verb to the end
STEP 3: Add moet before verb at the end

E.g. Die onderwyser beveel DAT die kinders HULLE huiswerk MOET DOEN

Question 7

If the introductory verse is in past tense e.g. het gese or het gevra, for example:

Jannie het gese: “X”

What do you do to change it into indirect speech?

Answer 7

STEP 1: If the sentence is NOT in past tense, first put the quoted sentence into past tense - NB
If it is already in past tense, then you obviously dont have to put it into past tense

STEP 2: Verb to the end (unless it is helping verb)

Question 8

If there is no introductory verse and it is just the quotation but someone is being addressed, for example:

“Sue, is jy siek?”

How do you change it to indirect?

Answer 8

STEP 1: Someone must be speaking to Sue, so just assume a gender and say Hy/Sy
STEP 2: We have to make our own introductory verse by adding “vir”, so we say:

HY VRA VIR Sue of sy siek is