Directing groups of benzenes

Question 1

Strongly activating

Answer 1

Substituents:
-NH2,-NHR,-NR2,-OH, -OR
Directing:
ortho/para
Inductive effect:
weakly withdrawing
Resonance effect:
Donating

Question 2

SModerately activating

Answer 2

Substituents:
-amides,- esters (look at sheet)
Directing:
ortho/para
Inductive effect:
weakly withdrawing
Resonance effect:
Donating

Question 3

Weakly activating

Answer 3

Substituents:
-R alkyl (CH3),-Ar(aryl), -Vinyl (look at sheet)
Directing:
ortho/para
Inductive effect:
donating
- No resonance effects

Question 4

Weakly deactivating

Answer 4

Substituents:
-Fluoro,-Chloro,-Bromo,-Iodo
Directing:
ortho/para
Inductive effect:
withdrawing
Resonance effects:
donating

Question 5

Moderately deactivating

Answer 5

Substituents:
-aldehydes,-ketones,-esters,-carboxylic acids,-amides,-acyl halides
Directing:
meta
Inductive effects:
-withdrawing
Resonance effects:
-withdrawing

Question 6

Moderately deactivating continued

Answer 6

Substituents:
-Nitrile, -Sulfonic acid,-Nitro (NO2)
Directing:
Meta
No inductive effects
Resonance effects:
Withdrawing

Question 7

Strongly Deactivating

Answer 7

-Substituents:
-CF3, CCl3, (+) N’s aminium:
-NH3,NH2R,-NR3
Directing:
Meta
Inductive effects:
No resonance effects