Direct to indirect speech Flashcards by Fiona Lambie

Direct Speech

Est-ce-que/qu’

What is the indirect speech for Est-ce-que/qu’ ?

Est-ce-qu/qu’ in direct speech = Si/S’ in indirect speech

Est-ce-que/qu’ = is

Est-ce que tu viendras ?
Is it that you will come?/ Will you come?

Indirect Speech

SI/S’

Je lui ai demandé s’il viendrait
I asked him if he would come

Way to remember if it starts with Est instead of a Q in the direct speech it changes to Si/s’ in the indirect speech

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Direct Speech

Qu’est-ce que

What is the indirect speech for Qu’est-ce que ?

Qu’est-ce que in direct speech = Ce que in indirect speech

Qu’est-ce que = what

Qu’est-ce que tu fais ?
What is it that you are doing?

Qu’est-ce que is changed to ‘Ce que’ in indirect speech

Ce Que = What

Il m’a demandé ce que je faisais
He asked me what I was doing

Way to remember if starts with Qu’ and ends in que in direct speech the changes to ce que in indirect speech

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Direct Speech

Qu’est-ce qui

What is the indirect speech for Qu’est-ce qui ?

Qu’est-ce qui in direct speech = Ce qui in indirect speech

Qu’est-ce qui te ferait plaisir ?
What would make you happy ?

Ce qui = what

Il m’a demandé ce qui me ferait plaisir
He asked me what would make me happy

Way to remember if starts with Qu’ and ends with qui in direct speech then it changes to Ce qui in indirect speech

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Direct Speech

Qui est-ce qui

What is the indirect speech for Qui est-ce qui ?

Qui est-ce qui in direct speech = Qui in indirect speech

Qui est-ce qui = who is who
Qui = who

Qui est-ce qui est volontaire ?
who is willing ?

Il m’a demandé qui était volontaire
He asked me who was a volunteer

If starts with qui and ends with qui in direct speech then it changes to qui in indirect speech

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Inversion questions

Croyez-vous qu’elle viendra ?

Inversion Questions in direct speech = Si/S’ in indirect speech

Croyez-vous qu’elle viendra ?
Do you believe she will come ?

Il lui a demandé s’il croyait qu’elle viendrait
He asked him if he thought she would come

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How do Direct questions with interrogative pronouns eg.
Où vas-tu ?
change in indirect speech ?

The interrogative pronoun stays put but the is no subject / verb inversion

Il me demande où je vais
He asks me where I am going

In indirect discourse, a declarative sentence is preceded by a range of ‘verbs + que’ eg. demander que
où - interrogative pronoun stays put
Je vais - verb changes in reported discourse because the speaker changes
vas-tu - if verb is inverted it is changed because there is no subject verb inversion in indirect discourse

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Explain Orders and commands changing from direct speech to indirect speech

The imperative form is also changed in reported speech.

Introducing verbs include: 
ordonner (to order)
demander (to request)
imposer (to impose)
exiger (to require)
suggérer (to suggest)
Followed by 'de/d'' + infinitif

Ex: <> (Go/ Leave)
Il lui a ordonné de partir (He ordered him to leave)

&laquo_space;écrivez quelques lignes sur ce sujet.»
(write a few lines on this topic)
Nous leur avons suggéré d’écrire quelques lignes sur ce sujet
(we suggested that they write a few lines on this subject)

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Direct Speech in IMPERATIVE

Changed to indirect speech

DE/ d’ + infinitive

Il lui a demandé de partir
He asked her to leave

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CHANGE FROM DIRECT SPEECH TO INDIRECT SPEECH

Jeanne: Quelqu’un EST VENU pendant MON absence ?

Jeanne A DEMANDE si quelqu’un ETAIT VENU pendant SON absence

TRANSLATION
DIRECT SPEECH: Jeanne: Quelqu’un est venu pendant mon absence ?
Jeanne: Someone came during my absence?

INDIRECT SPEECH: Jeanne a demandé si quelqu’un était venu pendant son absence
Jeanne asked if anyone had come during his absence

How the sentence was changed from direct to indirect

in indirect discourse a declarative sentence is preceded
by a range of VERBS + QUE in this example DEMANDER QUE has been used (to ask that)
Jeanne a demandé = verb Demander in the PC

Si has been used instead of que/qu’
Because questions that require a yes/no answer, are not introduced by que/qu’ but by Si/s’

Verb changes
est venue = pc > était venu = PQP

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CHANGE FROM DIRECT SPEECH TO INDIRECT SPEECH

Jacques et Sophie: Nous avons gagné un voyage

Jacques et Sophie ont dit qu’ils avaient gagné un voyage

How the sentence was changed from direct to indirect:

In indirect discourse a declarative sentence is preceded by a range of VERBS + QUE in this example DIRE + QUE has been used (to say that)

the introducing verb DIRE is in the PC (because there are two of them Jacques + Sophie = ILS form of dire in the PC has been used) ont dit= PC

Qu’ has been used instead of Que because of the vowel following. QU’ has been chosen instead of S’ because it is not a Y/N question

Nous/ we changed to they, because of the changes it makes gramatical sense to say they won when you are talking in indirect discourse

Nous avons gagné > Ils avaient gagné
PC> PQP
making the necessary subject pronoun changes as mentioned above

TRANSLATIONS
Jacques et Sophie: Nous avons gagné un voyage
Jacques and Sophie: We won a trip

Jacques et Sophie ont dit qu’ils avaient gagné un voyage
Jacques and Sophie said they had won a trip

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CHANGE FROM DIRECT SPEECH TO INDIRECT SPEECH

Le directeur: j’accepte les propositions des syndicats

Le directeur a dit qu’il acceptait les propositions des syndicats

How the sentence was changed from direct to indirect:
DIRE + Que has been used
Le directeur > Il
Le directeur a dit = PC
Qu’ used as before a vowel and not a Y/N question
j’accepte > il acceptait - subject propnoun changes due to change from D>I
J’accepte (Present) > Il acceptait (imparfait)

TRANSLATIONS
DIRECT SPEECH : Le directeur: j’accepte les propositions des syndicats
Director: I accept the unions’ proposals

INDIRECT SPEECH: Le directeur a dit qu’il acceptait les propositions des syndicats
The director said he accepted the unions’ proposals

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CHANGE FROM DIRECT SPEECH TO INDIRECT SPEECH

Laura: Lisa a contacté la presse

Laura a affirmé que Lisa avait contacté la presse

How this sentence was changed from direct to indirect

AFFIRMER + QUE (to affirm that/ to claim that) has been used in the P.C to repeat the direct speech

Que has been used infront of Lisa because it does not start with a vowel, SI has not been used because it is not a Y/N question

Lisa a contacté (PC) has changed to Lisa avait contacté (PQP)

TRANSLATIONS

DIRECT SPEECH: Laura: Lisa a contacté la presse
Laura: Lisa contacted the press

INDIRECT SPEECH:Laura a affirmé que Lisa avait contacté la presse
Laura claimed that Lisa had contacted the press

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CHANGE FROM DIRECT SPEECH TO INDIRECT SPEECH

Arnaud: Où est-ce que Manon a rangé le livre de cuisine?

Arnaud a demandé où Manon avait rangé le livre de cuisine

How this sentence was changed from direct to indirect
DEMANDER + QUE (to ask that) in PC
où stays
est-ce que > is it that (taken out, dont know this one)
a rangé (PC) > avait rangé (PQP)
le livre de cuisine > remains unchanged

TRANSLATIONS
Arnaud a demandé où Manon avait rangé le livre de cuisine
Arnaud asked where Manon had put the cookbook

Arnaud: Où est-ce que Manon a rangé le livre de cuisine?
Arnaud: Where did Manon put the cookbook?

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CHANGE FROM DIRECT SPEECH TO INDIRECT SPEECH

&laquo_space;Fais tes devoirs !&raquo_space;

Il m’a dit … de faire mes devoirs

How this sentence was changed from direct to indirect

Unsure why DE used

DIRECT SPEECH Fais tes devoirs
Do your homework
INDIRECT SPEECH Il m’a dit de faire mes devoirs
He told me to do my homework

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