Direct ophthalmoscopy

Question 1

Use of direct ophthalmoscope

Answer 1

The direct ophthalmoscope is used to detect and evaluate symptoms of retinal detachment or eye diseases e.g. glaucoma. It may also be used if you have signs of high blood pressure, diabetes or other diseases that affect the blood vessels.

Question 2

Steps

Answer 2

Medium light circle
Patient look straight ahead
RE = RE+RH
Find red reflex and the start to dial down.
Dial needs to be on red 9 / until it is clear
Look for veins and follow to optic disk (should be roughly nasal 15)

Question 3

Note when testing:

Answer 3

Colour
Veins (darker, wider and carry deoxygenated blood)
Arteries (lighter, thinner and carry oxygenated blood)
Colour
Cupping
Disc margins ie. Blurred or not
Flat or raised

Question 4

Need to

Answer 4

be able to identify structures and draw for osce

Related literature- Primary eye care David Elliot (chapter 8,7.10.4)