DIPTHERIA Flashcards
what is diptheria?
acute febrile infection of the throat, tonsils, larynx, nose
microorganisms can produce _____ that destroys _____
toxins
healthy tissues
causative agent for Diptheria
coryne bacterium diptheriae
klebs loeffler bacillus
causative agent for Diptheria
coryne bacterium diptheriae
klebs loeffler bacillus
classification of diptheria
bacterial
which is a gram positive
diptheria is a gram positive bacteria which means?
color purple in microscope and thick
incubation period
2-5 days
period of communicability
3-4 weeks
patient should be??
isolated
mode of transmission??
droplet
contact
milk vehicle
what to do to soiled linens??
boil first for 30 minutes before washing them
susceptibility?
Infants born of mothers who had diphtheria = immune but
disappears before the 5 months after birth
(di sure paki clarify)
pathognomonic signs??
pseudomembrane
bullneck appearance
what is pseudomembrane?
group of death tissue
color of pseudomembrane?
grayish/whitish
what is bullneck appearance?
inflammation of the neck
enumerate the types of diptheria
nasal diptheria
laryngeal diptheria
pharyngeal diptheria
in nasal diptheria, where do microorganisms attack?
nasal area
Side effects ng nasal diptheria
coryza “runny nose”
epistaxis
adenitis or lymphadenitis “lymphadenopathy” (inflammation of the lymph nodes)
in laryngeal diptheria, where do microorganisms attack?
larynx
SE of laryngeal diptheria
hoarseness of voice
in pharyngeal diptheria, where do microorganisms attack?
pharynx
SE of pharyngeal diptheria
Sore throat
tonsilitis
bullneck appearance
what are the diagnostic test for diptheria?
SHICK’S TEST
MOLONEY’S TEST
what is schick’s test
Determines susceptibility and immunity to diphtheria
what is maloney’s test
Determines hypersensitivity to the diphtheria toxoid
how many ml of diptheria toxoids to be injected?
0.1 ml (both diagnostic test)
route of the two diagnostics tests?
ID
where do they inject the diptheria toxoids?
left forearm
induration of the two diagnostics test?
10mm
result reading??
after 2-3 days
give me the 4 nursing management of diptheria
strict isolation
coughing etiquette
pasteurization
vaxx
strict isolation:
5-7 days because the patient is highly contagious
coughing etiquette?
wear mask
maintain distance to 3 ft
cover mouth when talking, sneezing
what are the drug of choice for diptheria?
antibiotics (penicillin, erythromycin)
penicillin
250 mg PO QID for 14 days
erythromycin
500 mg (10mg/kg children) PO every 6hrs for 14 days
prevention??
DPT or pentavalent
DPT
content:
given when:
dosage:
# of doses:
route:
old sched:
new sched:
side effects:
content: weakened toxin
given when: 6-10-14 weeks
dosage: 0.5 ml
# of doses: 3
route: IM
old sched: 6-10-14
new sched:6-10-14
side effects: LOCAL SORENESS, FEVER
absolute contraindications of DPT1?
neurologic disorders such as meningitis, hydrocephalus, cerebral palsy, etc
absolute contraindications of DPT2 and DPT3?
convulsions/seizures within 72 hrs after the 1st dose
contraindications for any vaxx?
chemotherapy
corticosteroids therapy
fever 38.5
