DIPTERA: Cyclorrhaphans, Siphonaptera, Hemiptera Flashcards by Roleene Kate Vale

Suborder Cyclorrhapha families

“Circular-seamed fly”
Family Muscidae
Family Glossinidae
Family Hippoboscidae
Family Sarcophagidae
Family Calliphoridae
SubFamily Oestridae

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Genera under Family Muscidae

Musca (housefly, facefly)
Stomoxys (stablefly)
Haematobia (Hornfly, buffalo fly)
Fannia

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Piercing-sucking type under family Muscidae

Haematobia and Stomoxys

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Larvae have D-shaped posterior spiracles

Haematobia

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Larvae have D-shaped posterior spiracles

Haematobia

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Larvae has 3 S-shaped slits well separated from each other

Stomoxys

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Larvae has S-shaped slits posterior spiracles that are close together

Musca

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Adults remain on the back of their host, leaving only to fly to another host
female: drops eggs in freshly passed feces

Haematobia irritans
(hornfly/ buffalo fly)

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Disease Carried by Musca domestica

stomach worms
Draschia megastoma - horses
Habronema muscae - horses

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Both sexes feed on blood

Stomoxys
Haematobia

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tsetse flies

Family Glossinidae
Genus Glossina
Arista: unilaterally plumose
Wing: hatchet-shaped medial cell
Both sexes feed on blood (2-3days)
Disease: T. brucei, T. rodesiense, T. gambiense
Nagana (T. bruceu, T. congolense, T. vivax)

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Arista is unilaterally plumose

Glossina spp.

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Riverine species

Glossina palpalis group

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Glossina Savannah species

Glossina morsitans group

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Rainforest species

Glossina fusca group

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Provides all life stages protection against insect viruses in Glossina. It is found in ovaries and are maternally inherited

Wolbachia spp.

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Provides nutritional supplementation for female fecundity and larval development. found in mil gland tubules and larval gut

Wigglesworthia spp.

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Found all over the body, it contributes towards tsetse flies susceptibility to Tryposomes, allowing the protozoa to establish in their gut.
Passed to larva through milk glands

Sodalis spp.

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unusual group as they do not resemble a fly at all. Are dorsoventrally flattened and sometimes wingless flies.

Family Hippoboscidae
“keds”
“louse flies”
“forest flies”

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Hippobiscid that feeds on mammals

shorter, stouter legs and heavier claws

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Hippoboscid that feed on birds

longer, thinner legs and claws

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Genus under Family Hippoboscidae

Genus Hippobosca
Genus Melophagus
Genus Lipotena
Genus Pseudolynchia

both sexes feed on blood

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Biologic vector of Haemoproteus columbae

Pseudolynchia canariensis

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Hippobiscid with wings & halters

Hippobosca equina
Pseudolynchia canariensis

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Hippobiscid with no wings or halters

Melophagus ovinus "sheep ked"

Hippoboscid with wings but will later lose them. w/ halters

Lipoptena cervi

Disease of sheep ked

species - Melophagus ovinus Disease: Typanosoma melophagium

Dog louse fly

Hippobosca longipennis IH: Acanthocheilonema dracunculoides Host: dog

"blow flies"

Family Calliphora Metallic colors

eggs are laid in perimeter around body orifices and small open wounds of warm blooded animals.

screw-worm fly Chrysomya bezziana (metalic blue) Cochliomya (Callitroga) hominivorax - metalic green

Eggs are deposited in sandy areas where animal lie

Cordylobia anthropophaga "tumbo, mango fly"

"Fleshflies"

Family Sarcophagidae Genus Sarcophaga Genus Wolfahrtia viviparous 100-200 larvae

"botflies" / " warble flies"

Family Oestridae

Larva forms a lump with a breathing hole (Warble)

Hypoderma spp.

Larvae burrow skin on the host's back and spine

Hypoderma bovis

Larvae burrow around esophagus

Hypoderma Lineatum

females deposit larvae on intermadibular space

Family Oestridae Gastrophilus nasalis

Larvae is deposited on the hair on lips

Family Oestridae Gastrophilus hemmorrhoidalis

Hair ang deposited around forelegs/ shoulders

Gastrophilus intestinallis

females of this species lays their egg along or near rodent/ rabbit and immediatly hatches.

Cuterabra spp.

Females of this species capture another bloodsucking fly and glue the eggs on their abdomen

Dermatobia hominis

treatment of myiasis

-Coumaphos dipped, sprayed, or smeared directly on maggot infested lesionsq

"fleas"

Order Siphonaptera

Their antennae are short and club-like and regressed into the head. They possess long and strong legs, the 3rd pair of legs being the longest

Order Siphonaptera "fleas"

dark spines on the ventral aspect of the head

Genal Ctenidia/ combs

Dark spines on the posterior aspect of the prothorax

Pronatal Ctenidia/combs

Sexual Dimorphism of Siphonaptera

Females are larger and dorsal surface is rounded Males dorsal surface is flatter and ventral surface is curved; aedeagus is present

Flea family that is infrequent and brief association with the host; spends more time on nest/bedding and only feed on host on short periods

Suborder Siphonaptera Family Ceratophyllidae

Adult fleas have prolonged association with host2; eggs will be laid on host and drop off later

Suborder Siphonaptera Family Pulicidae

Characterized by having no genal combs, but have many pronotal combs

Family Ceratophyllidae Genus Ceratophyllus Genus Nosopsyllus

Cosmopolitan parasites of rodents

Nosopsyllus fasciatus "northern rat flea" Host: rat, mouse, human

Nosopsyllus fasciatus is a vector of what disease

Yersinia pestis (black plague) Rickettsia typhi (murine typhus)

Family Pulicidae

Ctenocephalides spp. Spilopsyllus cuniculi Echidnophaga gallinacae Pulex irritans Xenopsylla cheopis Tunga penetrans

Flea: Head is elongated (more in females than in males) and pointed anteriorly Disease it carries

Ctenocephalides felis felis -IH Dipylidium caninum -Rickettsia typhi -Bartonella henselae (cat-scratch fever)`

Relatively rarer than C. felis Head is rounded on anterior surface. Disease it carries

Ctenocephalides canis -Dipylidium caninum

remains for long periods with mouthparts embedded in host. Life cycle is believed to be mediated by host's hormones. Disease it transmits

Spilopsyllus cuniculi disease: Francisella tularensis

Frons of the head is sharply angled; often found on the head, comb, or wattles of poultry. Females burrow into skin and leaves only posterior end on surface

Echindophaga gallinacae "sticktight flea"

it is thought that the original principal hosts were pigs; no genal and pronatal combs

Pulex irritans "human flea"

flea found in hedgehogs

Archeopsylla erinaceid`

Transmit Yersinia Pestis

Xenopsylla cheopis Nosopsyllus fasciatus

females slash skin of host an d burrows into the wounds, leaving only the last abdominal segments on skin surface. the host skin proliferates during healing (nodule) and covers the flea except the last abdominal segment

Tunga penetrans "Jigger / Chigoe"

the triangular shield; characteristic of Hemiptera

Scutellum

Proboscis is divided into three segments

Order Hemiptera "true bugs"

has 2 pair of wings, 3-segmented beak and 4-segmented antennae Disease they transmit

Family Reduviidae "kissing bugs /assassin bugs" Disease: Typanosoma cruzi / Chagas disease Via posterior station

Ectoparasite of eutherian (Placental mammals) -Suborder & Family

Suborder ANOPLURA -Family Haematopinidae -Family Linognathidae