Dinosaur Anatomy Flashcards
What does the skeleton compromise between?
Support and mobility
What are the three types of forces?
(1) Compression (2) Tension (3) Shear
What is compression force?
Application of pressure that causes it to become compacted. Bones are most adapted to resist this
What is tension force?
Pulling forces (pull in opposite directions)
What is shear force?
Unaligned forces pushing one part of a body in one direction and another part in another
What are bones made of
(1) Collagen fiber (2) Hydroxyapatite
Collagen fiber
A type of protein fiber, small and flexible, resists tension
Hydroxyapatite
(Bone Mineral), most of bone - brittle, made of calciums and phosphates, resists compression
Why do bones break?
When bones move beyond average conditions (ie skiing, football, etc)
Joints
Where two parts of the skeleton are fitted together. determine extent and type of movement
Cartilage
Where you need lightness and flexibility. Good at resisting compression. Made up of collagen fibers + glucoproteins
Muscles
A bundle of fibrous tissue that has the ability to contract and produce movement
Tendons
A flexible cord of strong fibrous collagen tissue attaching a muscle to a bone. When you need a small area (ie hands)
Ligaments
A short band of tough, flexible, fibrous connective tissue that connects two bones.
Bilateral Symmetry
Each half of the skeleton is a mirror image of the other
