Diltiazem (Cardizem) Flashcards

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1
Q

Classification

A

Calcium Channel Blocker

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2
Q

Mechanism of Action

A
  • Blocks calcium from entering cardiac myocytes
  • Prolongs the conduction of electrical impulses through AV node
  • Causes vasodilation
  • Decreases rate of ventricular response
  • Decreases myocardial O2 demand
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3
Q

Indications

A
  • Ventricular rate control in rapid atrial fibrillation/flutter
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4
Q

Contraindications

A
  • Hypotension
  • Heart block
  • Heart failure
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5
Q

Adverse Effects

A
  • Flushing, headache, bradycardia, hypotension, heart block, myocardial depression, severe AV block, cardiac arrest in high doses
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6
Q

Administration

A
  • Adult: 0.25 mg/kg IV/IO over 2 minutes initial dose, repeat at 0.35 mg/kg IV/IO
  • Peds: Not recommended
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7
Q

Special Considerations

A
  • Use with extreme caution in patients who are taking beta blockers as these two drug classes potentiate each other’s effects and toxicities
  • Patients with a history of heart failure and heart block are at high risk for toxicity.
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