digestive system, metabolism + energy balance (ch 21, 22)

Question 1

salivary glands

Answer 1

parotid
submandibular
sublingual

Question 2

tube elements

Answer 2

oral cavity (mouth + pharynx), esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine

Question 3

stomach parts

Answer 3

fundus
body
antrum

Question 4

sphincters

Answer 4

esophageal sphincters (upper - larynx to esophagus, lower - esophagus to stomach)
pyloric valve (stomach to small intestine)
ileocecal valve (small to large intestine)
anus (external anal sphincter)

Question 5

small intestine parts

Answer 5

duodenum
jejunum
ileum

Question 6

large intestine parts

Answer 6

cecum
colon
rectum

Question 7

accessory glands

Answer 7

salivary glands, liver, pancreas, gall bladder

Question 8

layers of gut

Answer 8

mucosa
submucosa
muscularis externa
serosa

Question 9

mucosa difference between stomach and small intestine

Answer 9

stomach invaginations = gastric pits with gastric glands
small intestine invaginations = plica with villi and crypts

Question 10

mucosa

Answer 10

mucosal epithelium (epithelial cells, stem cells, endocrine and exocrine secretory cells)
lamina propria (GALT, Peyer’s patches in small intestine)
muscularis mucosae (moves villi in sm int)

Question 11

submucosa

Answer 11

connective tissue with lymph vessels and veins/arteries + submucosal nerve plexus

Question 12

muscularis externa

Answer 12

obliques (only stomach)
circular muscles
transverse muscles
myenteric plexus (only small int)

Question 13

serosa

Answer 13

connective tissue membrane that is a continuation of the peritoneal membrane (peritoneum folds and forms mesentery that holds intestines in place)

Question 14

parietal cell secretes

Answer 14

HCl and intrinsic factor

Question 15

segmental contraction

Answer 15

mixes and acts mechanically on food fragments in chyme to make them smaller

Question 16

peristaltic contraction

Answer 16

moves chyme forwards