Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

LQB187: Human Anatomy > Digestive System BETTER > Flashcards

Digestive System BETTER Flashcards

1
Q

Oral Cavity

A
  • Cheeks, tongue and palate frame the mouth
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Describe the palate briefly

A
  • Forms roof of mouth
  • Arched shape allows digestion and respiration to occur simultaneously
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Cheeks

A
  • Sidewalls
  • outer covering = skin
  • inner = mucous membrane (non-keratinised, stratified squamous epithelium
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Hard palate

A
  • Anterior 2/3 of palate
  • Structure: bone tissue and external mucous membrane covering
  • Function: divides oral and nasal cavity. And a shelf which tongue can push food on
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Soft palate

A
  • Posterior part
  • Structure: Skeletal muscle and external mucous membrane covering
  • Function: moves with uvula to help keep foods from entering nasal cavity
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Uvula

A
  • Median inferior tissue extension of soft palate
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Tongue

A
  • Location: floor of oral cavity
  • Function: facilitates ingestion, mechanical digestion, chemical digestion, sensation, swallowing, vocalisation
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Name the tonsils

A
  • Nasopharyngeal
  • Palatine
  • Lingual
  • Clusters of lymphoid tissue that protect pharynx
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What are baby teeth

A
  • Deciduous teeth
  • appear 6 months of age
  • 20 teeth
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Baby teeth development

A

PERMANENT DENTITION
- added: 4 molars (wisdom) + 8 premolars
- 32 teeth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Types of teeth

A
  • 8 incisors: sharp front teeth bite into food
  • 4 canines: pointed to tear food
  • 8 premolars: flat surface for mashing food
  • 12 molars: crush food ready for swallowing
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Types of salivary glands

A
  • Parotid gland: paired, located subcutaneously, anteroinferior to ear
  • Submandibular gland: paired, floor of the mouth
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Lips and Cheeks action and outcome

A

Action: Confine food between teeth
Outcome: Food is chewed evenly during mastication

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Salivary Glands action and outcome

A

Action: Secrete saliva

Outcome:
- Moisten and lubricate lining of mouth and pharynx; moisten, soften and dissolve food
- Clean mouth and teeth
- Salivary amylase breaks down starch

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Teeth action and outcome

A

Action: Shred and crush food

Outcome: Breakdown solid food into smaller particles for deglutition

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Pharynx Function

A
  • Digestive and respiratory functions
  • receives food and air from mouth, and air from nasal cavity
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Parts of pharynx (digestive functions)

A

Oropharynx and laryngopharynx (continuous w/ oesophagus)

18
Q

Oesophagus

A
  • Muscular tube, connects pharynx and stomach
  • Penetrates thoracic diaphragm through esophageal hiatus

Function: transmits bolus of food and liquids to stomach

19
Q

Histology of oesophagus

A

Non-keratinised stratified squamous epithelium (mucosa)
Protects against erosion

20
Q

Peritoneum

A

Broad, serous membranous sac
Squamous epithelial tissue

21
Q

Parietal peritoneum

A

Lines walls of a abdominopelvic cavity

22
Q

Visceral peritoneum

A

Envelopes abdominal organs

23
Q

Intraperitoneal Organs

A

Abdominopelvic organs surrounded by visceral peritoneum
E.g: liver, stomach, spleen, SI (not duodenum), transverse and sigmoid colons

24
Q

Retroperitoneal organs

A

Organs that are located along posterior abdominal wall

E.g: kidneys, adrenal glands, pancreas, ascending and descending colons, aorta, inferior vena cava

25
Q

Extraperitoneal organs

A

Structures that lie deep to parietal peritoneum

26
Q

Falciform ligament

A

Anchors liver to anterior abdominal wall and inferior border of thoracic diaphragm

Fold of peritoneum

Forms boundary between R and L lobes of liver

27
Q

Mesentery of small intestine

A

Only jejunum and ileum. Anchors to posterior abdominal wall

Structure: 2 layers of peritoneum

Carries all BVs, LVs and nerves to and from jejunum and ileum

28
Q

Mesocolon

A

Attaches 2 portions of LI (transverse and sigmoid colon) to posterior abdominal wall

29
Q

Describe the stomach

A

Location: inferior to thoracic diaphragm in upper left region of abdomen

Links oesophagus and duodenum.

30
Q

3 main regions of stomach

A

Fundus: Superior pouch of the stomach. Dome shaped.

Body: main region of the stomach

Pylorus: funnel-shaped, connects stomach to duodenum.

31
Q

Pyloric sphincter

A

Smooth muscle, located distally in stomach

Function: controls entry of chyme into SI

32
Q

Rugae

A

Temporary mucosal folds (present when stomach is empty)

Diminish as stomach expands

33
Q

Regions of small intestine

A
  1. Duodenum (shortest): Retroperitoneal. 20-25cm. Forms C-shaped loop to the right of pancreas
  2. Jejunum: Intraperitoneal. Duodenum ascends anteriorly, back to peritoneal cavity to join jejunum
  3. Ileum: Intraperitoneal
34
Q

Hepatopancreatic ampulla

A

Location: duodenal wall

Common bile duct and main pancreatic duct unite

Opens into duodenum

35
Q

Ileocaecal sphincter

A

Where ileum joins caecum

36
Q

Plicae circulares

A

Permanent mucosal folds in SI. Decrease in number and size in distal parts of SI

Shape causes chyme to spiral, increasing time for nutrient absorption

37
Q

Caecum and vermiform appendix

A

1st part of LI. Intraperitoneal.

Sac like structure, suspended inferior to ileocaecal valve

Function: receives contents of ileum, continues abs of water and salts.

Vermiform appendix: winding tube that attaches to caecum. Many lymph nodules

38
Q

Parts of colon

A

Ascending: retroperitoneally located in right side of abdominal cavity.

Transverse: Intraperitoneal, horizontal, in L side it angles inferior to spleen

Descending: Retroperitoneal in L side.

Sigmoid: S-shaped, Intraperitoneal, extend medially to midline

39
Q

Rectum

A

Food residue leaves sigmoid colon and enters rectum in pelvis. Extends anterior to sacrum and coccyx

40
Q

Anal canal

A

Outside of abdominopelvic cavity.

Internal anal sphincter: smooth muscle (involuntary)

External anal sphincter: skeletal muscle (voluntary

LQB187: Human Anatomy (9 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions