Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Organ Histology Final: 7 and 8 > Digestive System: Appendix, Colon, Rectum, Anal canal > Flashcards

Digestive System: Appendix, Colon, Rectum, Anal canal Flashcards

1
Q

What is another name for the appendix?

A

Vermiform appendix

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is the appendix?

A

A blind pouch on the right extending from the cecum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is the surface epithelium of the appendix?

A

Simple columnar with surface absorptive cells, goblets, regenerative cells, and DNES cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Does the appendix have a lamina propria?

A

Yes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Does the appendix have a muscularis mucosae?

A

Yes but it’s poorly developed

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Does the appendix have crypts? Villi? Paneth cells?

A

Yes, it has short crypts
NO villi
No to infrequent Paneth cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

How is the appendix submucosa?

A

Thick layer with large blood vessels

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What are notable structures within the appendix submucosa?

A

Numerous lymph nodules

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Does the appendix have a muscularis externa?

A

Yes, it is thin with a normal pattern (inner circular, outer longitudinal)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Does the appendix have a serosa?

A

Yes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What are the functions of the appendix?

A

Humoral immunity

Reservoir for good bacteria

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What structures make up the large intestine?

A

Cecum, colon, rectum, anus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What are the portions of the colon?

A

Ascending, transverse, descending, sigmoid portions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What structures are histologically similar to the colon?

A

Cecum

Rectum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What are the general functions of the colon?

A
  1. Absorption of water (primary function)
  2. Compaction, lubrication, elimination of feces
  3. Production of some vitamins as bacterial by products
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What vitamins are produced by the colon?

A

Riboflavin
Thiamin
Vitamin K
B12

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What is the surface epithelium of the colon?

A

Simple columnar with many goblets, surface absorptive cells (colonocytes), some regenerative cells, very few DNES cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What is another name for the surface absorptive cells of the colon?

A

Colonocytes

19
Q

How is the lamina propria of the colon?

A

Typical and has crypts (intestinal glands)

20
Q

How is the muscularis mucosae of the colon?

A

Typical

21
Q

What is lacking in the mucosa of the colon?

A

Villi

Paneth cells

22
Q

How is the submucosa of the colon?

A

Typical

23
Q

How’s the pattern of the colon’s muscularis externa?

A

Not normal

24
Q

What are teniae (taenia) coli?

A

Discontinuous bands of outer longitudinal muscle

25
Q

What results from constant tonus of teniae coli?

A

Sacculations called Haustra

26
Q

Adventitia in the colon make up…?

A

Ascending and descending colon

27
Q

Serosa in the colon make up…?

A

Transverse and sigmoid colon

28
Q

What is the general function of the rectum?

A

Store fecal material

29
Q

What surface epithelium makes up the rectum?

A

Simple columnar with crypts and goblet cells

30
Q

What are the notable features of the rectum?

A

Significant luminal wall folds exists called transverse rectal folds
No teniae coli in ME which makes longitudinal muscle more complete
Lumina wall includes adventitia (vertical rectal folds)

31
Q

How long is the anal canal?

A

4 cm

32
Q

What structure is the anal canal similar to?

A

Colon

33
Q

What structure is the rectum similar to?

A

Colon

34
Q

What surface epithelium makes up the anal canal?

A

Transitions to stratified squamous

35
Q

What glands are in the anal canal?

A

Anal glands

Circumanal (apocrine) glands

36
Q

Where are the anal glands and what’s their function?

A

They extend into the submucosa and produce mucus to lubricate the lumen

37
Q

Where are the circumanal (apocrine) glands?

A

In skin surrounding anus

38
Q

What do the mucosa and submucosa of the anal canal contain?

A

Longitudinal folds creating anal columns

39
Q

What disappears into the anal canal?

A

Muscularis mucosae

40
Q

What sphincters are within the anal canal?

A

Internal anal sphincter

External anal sphincter

41
Q

What makes up the internal anal sphincter?

A

Thick circular layer of smooth muscle within the muscularis externa

42
Q

What makes up the external anal sphincter?

A

Striated (voluntary) muscle from the pelvic floor

43
Q

What covers the luminal wall in the anal canal?

A

Adventitia

Organ Histology Final: 7 and 8 (8 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions