Digestive System

Question 1

Feeding tube begins in the mouth, ends at the anus.

Answer 1

Mechanically and chemically breaks down food into minuscule or molecular size.

Question 2

The digestive system is a feeding tube that begins in the mouth and ends at the anus.

Answer 2

This structure winds its way through several body cavities. It encompasses a multitude of structures and organs that mechanically and chemically break down food for absorption into the blood stream and use at the cellular level.

Question 3

Digestive System

Answer 3

Parotid gland
Pharynx
Esophagus 
Diaphragm 
Liver
Stomach 
Pancreas 
Small intestine
Large intestine 
Appendix 
Rectum 
Anus

Question 4

Digestive System Terms

Answer 4

Gastroenterology
Digestion
Absorption
Mastication

Question 5

Lips

Answer 5

Entrance to the oral cavity

Question 6

Teeth

Gums

Answer 6

Begin mechanical digestion via chewing
20 deciduous teeth
32 permanent teeth

Question 7

Tongue

Answer 7

Muscle

Facilitating chewing and swallowing

Question 8

Pharynx

Answer 8

Conduit for respiration and digestion
Composed of :
Nasopharynx - the upper part of the pharynx, connecting with the nasal cavity above the soft plate.
Oropharynx - the part of the pharynx that lies between the soft palate and the hyoid bone.
Laryngopharynx - the lower part of the pharynx, extending from the upper top of the epiglottis to the larynx and esophagus.

Question 9

Esophagus

Answer 9

Conduct food from the pharynx to the stomach

Peristaltic action moves the food

Question 10

Stomach

Answer 10

Cardia - the upper opening of the stomach, where the esophagus enters.
Fundus - the upper part of the stomach, which forms a bulge higher than the opening of the esophagus (farthest from the pylorus).
Pylorus (antrum) - the opening from the stomach into the duodenum (small intestine).
Body - is the main, central region.

Question 11

The digestive, gastrointestinal (GI) or alimentary, System (or tract) consists of the organs and glands associated with the ingestion, mastication (chewing), deglutition (swallowing), digestion and absorption of food and nutrients, and the elimination of waste products.

Answer 11

The commonly called GI tract is a very long, hollow tube extending from the lips to the anus. It is covered by smooth muscle fibers that run circularly and longitudinally. Movement of food and waste products (feces) along the GI tract occurs via alternate circular contraction and relaxation of these muscles, this process is called peristalsis. The primary structures for the GI tract are the mouth, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, rectum, and anus. Affiliated or accessory structures include salivary glands, teeth, tongue, liver, gallbladder, and pancreas.

Question 12

Study of the digestive system is referred to as gastroenterology. Digestion is the process by which ingested food is broken down into smaller particles for absorption.

Answer 12

Absorption is the process by which nutrients are transported across the walls of the digestive tract into the blood for distribution throughout the body. Mastication breaks foodstuff into smaller pieces, which are chemically altered by digestive enzymes for absorption.

Question 13

The teeth begin mechanical digestion via chewing. The salivary glands secrete saliva and enzymes; food is moisturized for swallowing.

Answer 13

There are 20 deciduous teeth (baby teeth)that normally begin to appear individually around six months of age and are generally in place by two and a half years. The timing and order of teeth arrival is highly variable. Occasionally babies are born with a tooth or teeth. There are 32 permanent teeth that begin to come in pushing out baby teeth between ages six through 12. The three types of teeth are : incisors, cuspids, and molars. The top of visual portion of a tooth is the crown, the neck is surrounded by the gums, and the root is embedded in the mandible (lower) and maxilla (upper). The outer surface of the root is anchored by cementum, which holds the tooth in place. The bulk of the tooth is dentin. Pulp is on the inside and is composed of connective tissue, blood vessels, and nerves that give the tooth sensation. Enamel covers the crown. The dental formula for permanent teeth is two incisors, one canine, two premolars, and three molars in each half of the jaw. First permanent teeth are usually a molar.

Question 14

The pharynx (throat) lies between the mouth and nasal cavities superiorly and the esophagus below.

Answer 14

It is the conduit for respiration and digestion. It is composed of the nasopharynx, the oropharynx, and the laryngopharynx. The nasopharynx is not part of the GI tract. Food does not normally enter the nasal or respiratory passages because swallowing temporarily closes off the opening to the nasopharynx.

Question 15

The esophagus is a muscular tube approximately 10 inches long serving to conduct food from the pharynx to the stomach after it had been chewed and mixed with saliva in the mouth and swallowed.

Answer 15

Peristaltic action of esophageal muscles serves to push the food along.

Question 16

The stomach is a large and very mobile temporary reservoir for food until digestion has proceeded to the extent it can be released into the duodenum.

Answer 16

The parts of the stomach are the cardia (entrance), fundus (superior to cardia), pylorus (also called antrum, adjacent to pyloric sphincter and controls the release of food from the stomach), and body, compromising the remainder of the organ. Digestion occurs primarily in the stomach and duodenum.

Question 17

The small intestine (or small bowel) is the principle site of chemical compound absorption. It contains villi and microvilli that are surrounded by capillaries and lymphatic vessels. The end products of digestion enter these capillaries, and then go to the liver for processing. The small bowel extends from the pylorus of the stomach to the ileocecal junction to join the large bowel.

Answer 17

It is about 20 feet