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Science > Digestive System > Flashcards

Digestive System Flashcards

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1
Q

These secrete digestive enzymes to begin the digestive process in the mouth

A

Salivary glands

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2
Q

This moves the food into the stomach

A

Esophagus

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3
Q

An important warehouse for the body’s nutrients

A

Liver

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4
Q

Secretes juices that continue to break food particles down

A

Stomach

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5
Q

Stores bile

A

Gall bladder

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6
Q

Secretes juices that help the digestion of food in the small intestine

A

Pancreas

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7
Q

Secretes insulin

A

Pancreas

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8
Q

An important hormone that regulates glucose levels in the blood

A

Insulin

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9
Q

What happens in the small intestine?

A

Body chemicals act with food and nutrients, which are absorbed in the blood

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10
Q

What happens in the large intestine?

A

Leftover food that is of no use to the body is processed for elimination

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11
Q

High fiber foods are called……

A

Roughage

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12
Q

About how long is the digestive canal in the average adult?

A

29 feet

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13
Q

A series of wave-like muscle contractions automatically moves the food along the digestive tract. This is called….

A

Peristalsis

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14
Q

True or false

The mouth is not part of the digestive system.

A

False

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15
Q

True or false

The teeth are part of the digestive system.

A

True

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16
Q

True or false

Food passes from the mouth to the esophagus

A

True

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17
Q

True or false

The esophagus connects the mouth and the stomach

A

True

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18
Q

The esophagus is about 2 inches long.

A

False

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19
Q

True or false

There are no muscles in the esophagus.

A

False

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20
Q

True or false

Food moves automatically through our digestive system

A

True

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21
Q

True or false

Peristalsis is a disease of the digestive system

A

False

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22
Q

True or false

The stomach secretes juices that help break down food.

A

True

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23
Q

True or false

Food goes from the stomach to the upper intestine

A

True

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24
Q

I’m the entrance to the food tube. I chew the food up well.

A

Mouth

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25
Q

I store the food for 3-4 hours while digestion is occurring. My churning breaks down protein.

A

Stomach

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26
Q

Waste exits from my opening

A

Anus

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27
Q

Final digestion takes place in my 20 foot long tube

A

Small intestine

28
Q

I am a muscular tube that squeezes the food down to the stomach

A

Esophagus

29
Q

I store the solid waste and remove the water

A

Large intestine

30
Q

I’m the first part of the small intestine. Food enters me after it leaves the stomach.

A

Duodenum

31
Q

We make chemicals to help break down the food.

A

Liver, pancreas

32
Q

What are 3 of the tongue’s jobs?

A
  1. Moves food so it can be chewed.
  2. Moves food to the back of the mouth where it is swallowed
  3. Have tiny taste buds that have special nerves which send signals to the brain
33
Q

What is the first step of digestion? Why is this so important?

A

Chewing. Important because it makes food small enough to swallow and makes the rest of the job of digestive system easier

34
Q

What is the epiglottis?

A

Moves to cover your trachea when you swallow. To prevent food from going down the wrong pipe. Also makes food go Dow the esophagus

35
Q

What allows food to stay in the stomach while being digested? Why is it important?

A

Stomach muscles- rings of muscles squeeze the top and bottom shut
Important because it keeps food from coming up your esophagus causing you to throw up

36
Q

Why does the stomach have many folds?

A

Allows the stomach to expand when you eat a big meal

37
Q

What is the job of the villi?

A

Gives the small intestine more surface area to absorb food

38
Q

How does the large intestine break down food?

A

The small intestine breaks down most of the food, but then large intestine takes water and salts from those wastes, making the waste more solid

39
Q

What materials, other than wastes,are filtered out of the blood by the kidneys?

A

Water, salt, calcium, nutrients, and other chemicals your body needs

40
Q

What do the kidneys do with the materials they filter out?

A

The kidneys have to put the right amount of materials back into the blood- keep the amounts of these materials from getting too high or too low

41
Q

What is the body’s largest internal organ?

A

The liver

42
Q

About how much does the liver weigh?

A

About 4 and 1/2 pounds

43
Q

True or false

Your liver acts like a warehouse for your body’s nutrients.

A

True

44
Q

About how many different functions does the liver have in your body?

A

About 500!

45
Q

What are two of the functions of the liver?

A

Stores or releases nutrients according to the body’s needs.

Removes harmful substances from your blood

46
Q

Name 5 nutrients the liver stores.

A

Sugars, starches, fats, vitamins, and minerals

47
Q

The liver processes most of the nutrients that are absorbed from what other organ?

A

The small intestine

48
Q

What are the 2 jobs of the pancreas during digestion?

A
  1. Release digestive juices and enzymes into the digestive system to help digestion.
  2. Produces insulin
49
Q

Which organ is know as the “sugar regulator?”

A

Pancreas

50
Q

What is the difference between glucose and glycogen?

A

Glucose is a sugar used for energy.

Glycogen is secreted by the pancreas to raise blood sugar levels.

51
Q

Spanish word for teeth

A

Dientes

52
Q

Spanish word for liver

A

Higado

53
Q

Spanish word for gall bladder

A

Vesicula biliar

54
Q

Spanish word for large intestine

A

Intestino grueso

55
Q

Spanish word for appendix

A

apendice

56
Q

Spanish word for small intestine

A

Intestino delgado

57
Q

Spanish word for rectum

A

Recto

58
Q

Spanish word for salivary gland

A

Glandula saliva

59
Q

Spanish word for esophagus

A

Esofago

60
Q

Spanish word for stomach

A

Estomago

61
Q

Spanish word for pancreas

A

Pancreas

62
Q

Spanish word for anus

A

Ano

63
Q

Saliva is produced by the salivary glands. Why is saliva important?

A

It has chemicals that digest food and the water makes food easier to swallow

64
Q

What is the kidney’s job?

A

To remove waste from your blood

65
Q

What do the kidneys do with water?

A

Takes out water along with waste, which is what urine is

66
Q

Where is urine stored before it leaves the body?

A

The bladder

Science (6 decks)

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