Digestive System

Question 1

intake of food into the stomach

Answer 1

Ingestion

Question 2

process in which the teeth chew food in the mouth

Answer 2

Mastication

Question 3

Movement of food from one end of the
digestive tract to the other

Answer 3

Propulsion

Question 4

movement of food back and forth without
forward movement

Answer 4

Mixing

Question 5

Moves the bolus from the
oral cavity to the esophagus

Answer 5

SWALLOWING
(DEGLUTITION)

Question 6

Propulsion of material
through most of the
digestive tract through
peristaltic waves

Answer 6

PERISTALSIS

Question 7

Contractions that move
material in some (distal)
parts of the large intestine to
the anus

Answer 7

MASS MOVEMENTS

Question 8

As food moves through the digestive tract,
secretions are added to lubricate, liquefy, buffer, and
digest the food

Answer 8

Secretion

Question 8

Secreted along the entire
digestive tract, lubricates the
food and the lining of the
tract

Answer 8

MUCUS

Question 9

Liquefies the food, making it
easier to digest and absorb

Answer 9

WATER

Question 10

Break down large food
molecules into smaller
molecules

Answer 10

ENZYMES

Question 11

breakdown of large organic molecules into
their component parts

Answer 11

Digestion

Question 12

Mastication and mixing of
food

Answer 12

MECHANICAL DIGESTION

Question 13

Accomplished by digestive
enzymes (secreted along
the digestive tracts)

Answer 13

CHEMICAL DIGESTION

Question 14

Movement of molecules out of the
digestive tract and into the circulation or into the
lymphatic system

Answer 14

Absorption

Question 15

Process by which the waste products of
the digestion are removed from the body

Answer 15

Elimination

Question 16

Lines the GI tract

Answer 16

MUCOSA

Question 17

A thick connective tissue layer that contains
nerves, blood vessels, lymphatic vessel and small
glands

Answer 17

SUBMUCOSA

Question 18

Contains both a circular muscle layer and a
longitudinal muscle layer

Answer 18

MUSCULARIS EXTERNA

Question 19

Made up of a thin connective tissue and simple
squamous epithelium

Answer 19

SEROSA

Question 20

Serous membrane that lines the walls and organs
of the abdominal cavity

Answer 20

PERITONEUM

Question 21

covers the organs
(serosa)

Answer 21

Visceral peritoneum

Question 22

membrane that covers
the interior surface of the wall of the abdominal cavity

Answer 22

Parietal peritoneum

Question 23

a connective tissue sheet that
holds many organs in place within the
abdominal cavity

Answer 23

Mesentery

Question 24

Organs that lie behind the peritoneum

Answer 24

Retroperitoneum

Question 25

The mesentery of small intestines

Answer 25

Mesentery proper

Question 26

Extends from the transverse colon to the posterior body wall

Answer 26

Transverse mesocolon

Question 27

Attaches the liver to the diaphragm

Answer 27

Coronary Ligament

Question 27

Connects lesser curvature of stomach and the proximal duodenum to the liver and diaphragm

Answer 27

Lesser omentun

Question 28

Connects the greater curvature of the stomach to the transverse colon

Answer 28

Greater omentum

Question 29

Form the lateral walls of the oral cavity

Answer 29

CHEEKS

Question 29

Floor of the oral cavity

Answer 29

tongue

Question 30

Attaches to the liver to the anterior abdominal wall

Answer 30

Falciform ligament

Question 31

Roof of the oral cavity

Answer 31

Palate

Question 32

where nerves and blood vessels enter or exit

Answer 32

Apical foramen

Question 32

Divides the tongue into two parts

Answer 32

Terminal sulcus

Question 32

attaches the inferior midline of the tongue to the floor of the mouth

Answer 32

Lingual frenulum

Question 33

Secure the teeth in alveoli

Answer 33

Periodental ligaments

Question 33

center of the tooth

Answer 33

Pulp cavity

Question 34

pulp cavity within the root

Answer 34

Root canal

Question 35

surrounds pulp cavity

Answer 35

Dentin

Question 36

covers the dentin at the crown

Answer 36

Enamel

Question 37

covers the dentin at the root

Answer 37

Cementum

Question 38

Serous – produce watery saliva

Answer 38

Parotid gland

Question 38

Serous > mucous

Answer 38

Submandibular gland

Question 39

Mucous > serous

Answer 39

Sublingual gland

Question 40

Body’s major digestive organ

Answer 40

SMALL INTESTINE

Question 41

Producse mucus

Answer 41

Mucous Neck Cells

Question 41

produce alkaline mucus on the surface that neutralizes the acid and is a berrier to digestive systems

Answer 41

Surface Mucous Cells

Question 42

Produce hydrochloric acid

Answer 42

Parietal cells

Question 43

Produce pepsinogen

Answer 43

Chief cells

Question 44

Produce regulatory hormones and paracrine factors; produce gastrin

Answer 44

Endocrine cells

Question 45

Body’s major digestive organ

Answer 45

SMALL INTESTINE

Question 46

extends superiorly from the cecum and ends at the right colic flexure

Answer 46

Ascending colon

Question 46

where the ileum connects to the large intestine

Answer 46

Ileocecal junction

Question 47

Terminal portion of the alimentary canal

Answer 47

LARGE INTESTINE

Question 48

extends from right colic flexure to left colic flexure

Answer 48

Transverse colon

Question 49

extends from left colic flexure to the superior opening of the pelvis

Answer 49

Descending colon

Question 50

S-shaped; extends into the pelvis and ends at the rectum

Answer 50

Sigmoid colon

Question 51

Begins at the termination of the sigmoid colon and ends at the anal canal

Answer 51

RECTUM

Question 52

Terminal end of the digestive tract

Answer 52

ANAL CANAL

Question 53

Largest internal organ of the body

Answer 53

LIVER

Question 54

functional cells of the liver

Answer 54

Hepatocytes

Question 55

Yellow to green watery solution

Answer 55

Bile

Question 56

Saclike structure on the inferior surface of the liver

Answer 56

GALLBLADDER

Question 57

produces insulin and glucagon

Answer 57

Pancreatic islets

Question 58

regulates insulin and glucagon; may inhibit growth hormone secretion

Answer 58

Somatostatin

Question 59

produces digestive enzymes

Answer 59

Acini

Question 60

continues polysaccharide digestion

Answer 60

Pancreatic amylase