Digestive system Flashcards
What is the function of the anus?
Receives and holds stool until excretion, signals the need
What is the function of the large intestine?
Connects small intestine to rectum, processes waste, absorbs water into blood
What is the function of the gall bladder?
Stores excess bile
What is the function of the liver?
Processes absorbed food, detoxifies blood
What is the function of the stomach?
Churns food and breaks it into small pieces. Contains HCl to kill ingested bacteria
What is the function of the oesophagus?
Carries food to stomach
What is the function of the mouth?
Chews food to break it down
What is the function of the small intestine?
Absorbs smaller, soluble products into blood
Which chemicals are produces by the pancreas?
Protease, carbohydrase, lipase, insulin
Which chemicals are produced in the stomach?
Protease (pepsin), HCl
Which chemicals are produced in the small intestine?
Protease, lipase, amylase
Which chemicals are produced in the mouth?
Amylase
Which chemicals are produced in the liver?
Bile
What is the function of bile?
Neutralise hydrochloric acid, emulsifies fats
How do you test for starch?
- Put a small piece of food on a white tile
- Add 2 drops of iodine to it
- Positive if iodine goes blue-black colour
How do you test for protein?
- Mix small sample with 3ml of biuret solution
- Leave for 2 minutes
- Positive if pale purple colour
How do you test for glucose?
- Mix a sample of food with 3ml of benedict’s solution in a boiling tube
- Heat in hot water bath for 3 minutes
- Positive if mixture goes tomato red colour
What 2 things do you test for when testing for carbohydrates?
Starch and reducing sugars.
How do you test for lipids?
- Mix small sample with 1ml of ethanol in a dry test tube
- Pour ethanol into a test tube with 10ml of cold water
- Positive if water goes milky white
What are enzymes?
Proteins
